Is Control of Obesity Hidden in Catecholamine Metabolizing Enzyme Renalase?
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Obesity is an underlying situation for both cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases such as diabetes, and it is a serious public health problem with an increasing incidence worldwide [1,2]. When genetic factors are eliminated, one of the important causes of obesity becomes uncontrolled appetite [2]. Control of appetite is possible with the cooperative work between many appetizing (orexigenic, or appetite stimulant) and non-appetizing (anorexigenic) peptide molecules. As an example, leptin molecule is non-appetizing, whereas ghrelin molecule is appetizing [3]. Impaired balance between these molecules would lead to obesity or puniness. Studies have demonstrated low levels of ghrelin and high levels of leptin hormones in obese individuals. The underlying reason of low appetizing hormone level in the circulation among obeses is to restrict food intake via decreasing appetite [4]. Excluding leptin resistance, the mechanism suggested for ghrelin for decreased appetite is the opposite that is suggested for leptin. However, control of appetite is not dependent to these two hormones only. Appetite is controlled by hypothalamus [5]. That means it is balance by both the central nervous system (molecules such as neuropeptide-Y or dopamine) and many appetizing (such as galanine or ghrelin) and non-appetizing (such as nesfatin-1, leptin, insulin or amylin) molecules synthesized by peripheral organs [4,6,7]. In this editorial paper, the relationship between dopamine, which plays a role in the control of appetite [6], and the enzyme renalase that catabolizes dopamine [8], as well as possible effects of the levels of these molecules on obesity, were investigated. Low levels of dopamine have been reported in obese and craving individuals.
Authors and Affiliations
Suleyman Aydin, Kader Ugur
Keywords
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- EP ID EP303689
- DOI 10.4172/2472-1921.100061
- Views 71
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