Is There a Causal Relationship between Myopia and Intraocular Pressure

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Is There a Causal Relationship between Myopia and Intraocular Pressure

Journal Title: Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research - Year 2017, Vol 20, Issue 10

Abstract

Aims: To determine if there is causal association between myopia and intraocular pressure at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Nigeria. Study Design: A case control study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) between November, 2012 and May, 2013. Methodology: Eighty consecutive patients of myopes (group A) and emmetropes (group B) were sampled in two groups. Group A was subgrouped into low myopia (−3.0D<Spherical Equivalent (SE) −0.5D), moderate myopia (−3.0D SE-< -6.0D) and high myopia (SE ≥ -6). Intraocular pressures were taken between 9am -12 mid-day by Perkins applanation tonometer (MK2 Model). Autorefraction was carried out with (Carl Zeiss meditec) while Axial length was measured with A scan ultrasound machine (Pascan 300A Digital biometric reader). Full examination of the fundus was carried out. Results: 160 eyes of 80 patients each were respectively in groups A and B. The mean age of the myopes was 23.54 ± 12.74 years while that of the controls was 23.62±12.86 years (P=0.968). Among the myopes, there were 42(52.5%) males and 38(47.5%) females while the control had 32(40.0%) males and 48(60.0%) females. There was no statistical difference in male (p=0.411) nor female (0.416) gender. The mean axial length of the myopes was 24.03±1.68 mm while that of the control was 23.09±0.87 mm. (P=0.001). There was no correlation between myopia and IOP (Pearson correlation coefficient: r=0.14, r2=0.02, 95% CI=-0.14-0.18). There was also no correlation between IOP and axial length in both groups. There was however a linear correlation between myopia and axial length(r=0.76, r2=0.57, 95% CI=0.45-0.67. Conclusion: Myopes have longer axial length than emmetropes in our study, this difference was not accounted for by changes in intraocular pressure.

Authors and Affiliations

N. E. Chinawa, A. O. Adio, I. O. Chukwuka

Keywords

Myopia; emmetropia; intraocular pressure; axial length.

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EP ID EP311501
DOI 10.9734/BJMMR/2017/30241
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