Abstract

Half of humanity harbors helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in their stomach [1]. In addition to commonly causing peptic ulcer and gastritis, H. pylori is a major contributor for causing gastric cancer, worldwide the second most common cancer [2]. Gastric cancer patients are at least 80% sero positive for anti- H. pylori antibodies and gastric colonization is a well recognized cause of gastric lymphoma [1]. Despite discovery of a gastric etiological basis for H. pylori, there is a secondary issue that should be address (a) Why is the recurrence rate, after the successful eradication of H. pylori in patient's stomach approximately 13% per year, and (b) Is oral H. pylori involved in the recurrence of gastric infection? The result of our research in oral H. pylori presents evidence supporting the oral cavity as a second colonized site for H. pylori, besides primarily residing in the stomach, which plays a significant role in H. pylori diagnosis, transmission, and treatment [3] as well as non-gut organs H. pylori infection. There are several reports indicated non-gut organs have been harbored of H. pylori, such as vagina [4], nasopharyngeal sinus cavities [5], coronary plaque [6], otitis media [7] and breast [8] beside stomach. The present article was designed to discussion on association of H. pylori with coronary artery and hypertension diseases as well as how to diagnosis and treatments on oral H. pylori infection.

Authors and Affiliations