JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS, RECENT PERSPECTIVES ON VIRUS GENOME, TRANSMISSION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS AND PROPHYLACTIC INTERVENTIONS
Journal Title: Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 0
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an emerging mosquito-borne zoonotic disease caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Geographic and ecological factors such as global warming and climate change affect the demographic distribution of arthropod vectors and thereby favour the risk of JE epidemics across the world. It has become a devastating human disease that affects paediatric age group but people of all ages may get an infection. Furthermore, nearly 67,900 JEV incidences are occurring every year in 24 countries of South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions, wherein 10,426 cases were reported only in 2011. Although the mechanism for JEV pathogenesis is imprecise yet, significant scales of differences are professed in peripheral pathogenicity and neurovirulence between JEV strains. In addition to humans, a large number of vertebrate animal hosts viz. cattle, sheep, goat, dog, cat, and chicken get JEV infection. Of the note, birds and pigs serve as effective viraemic hosts and may help in dissemination of the disease in nature. Intervention strategies like vaccination as well as alteration in agricultural practices, health education, integrated vector control programme, strengthening of diagnostic facilities together with active surveillance programs along with the ‘one health’ approach might help to combat the emergence of this lethal pathogen and to safeguard human and animal health. This review abridges the updated information on virus genome, transmission, epidemiology, diagnosis and preventive measures to reduce the burden of JE amongst human and animal population.
Authors and Affiliations
Arumugam Karthikeyan, Subramaniyan Shanmuganathan, Selvaraj Pavulraj, Govinthasamy Prabakar, Kannan Porteen, Govindaraj Elaiyaraja, Yashpal Singh Malik
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP427741
- DOI 10.18006/2017.5(6).730.748
- Views 53
- Downloads 0
Weed species diversity in cassava (Manihot esculenta crantz) monoculture in Ashanti region of Ghana
This study was aimed to assess weed species diversity and composition in cassava monoculture at Crop and Soil Sciences Department research field, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi. The experiment...
Mathematical model of hydraulic systems and application to irrigation problems
In this paper, a mathematical model of pumping systems has been constructed. The model is important in calculating the probability distribution of operation system failures. Using the constructed mathematical model and a...
SUSTAINABLE MAIZE (Zea mays L.) PRODUCTION UNDER DROUGHT STRESS BY UNDERSTANDING ITS ADVERSE EFFECT, SURVIVAL MECHANISM AND DROUGHT TOLERANCE INDICES
Maize is an essential dietary component in human food and in animal feed formulation. With the rising trend of global climate change, grain yield and quality losses of maize are expected to increase, because of various b...
FORMS OF SULPHUR IN SOME BLACK SOILS OF VARANASI DISTRICT OF UTTAR PRADESH
Information regarding sulphur (S) distribution in black soils of Varanasi district is meager. Therefore, present study was undertaken to assess the different forms of sulphur in black soils of Varanasi district, for this...
Assessment of brucellosis knowledge, attitude and practice among veterinarians in India
Brucellosis is considered as one of the major zoonotic infections worldwide. However, there is paucity of studies on knowledge, attitude and practice level of high risk groups like veterinarians in India. This study atte...