Ketamine Pre-treatment to Alleviate the Pain of Propofol Injection - A Prospective, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo, Controlled Study
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Pain during injection is a limiting factor in the use of some anesthetic drugs like propofol. Objective: The present study was done to find the efficacy of low-dose ketamine pre-treatment in decreasing pain after propofol injection. Methods: A total of 100 ASA 1 and ASA 2 category patients of both gender aged 18-60 years receiving general anesthesia for elective surgery, were randomly divided into two groups of 50 patients each by shuffle envelope method. Group A patients received 2 ml ketamine (0.2 mg/kg), and Group B patients received 2 ml 0.9% normal saline intravenously. The levels of pain were assessed at 0, 1, and 2 min after administration of propofol by the second observer who was unaware of the group to which the patient had been allocated. A score of 0-3 corresponded to no pain, mild, moderate, and severe pain which were recorded at 0, 1 and 2 min. Data were analyzed using statistical SPSS software. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in mean dose of propofol used between the groups. The mean pain score at 0, 1, and 2 min was statistically different in between ketamine and control group (P < 0.05). At 0 min, mean pain score in ketamine group (Group A) was 0.38 (0.73) as compared to 2.52 (0.71) in control group (Group B). At 1 min, mean pain score in Group A was 0.22 (0.61) while in Group B, was 2.54 (0.71). At 2 min in Group A, it was 0.26 (0.57) while in Group B, it was 2.18 (0.83). Conclusion: The present study has concluded that low-dose ketamine pre-treatment is effective in reducing the incidence and severity of pain as compared to saline. The pre-treament with ketamine in low dose is also free of hemodynamic consequences.
Authors and Affiliations
Neha Mehra, Abhishek Khanna, Rajesh Ranjan, Pratibha Dabas, Dr Pragati, Shoma Mukherjee
Keywords
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