Kinematic Characteristics of Jump Gait in Children with Spastic Diplegia
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 9
Abstract
Introduction and Purpose: One of the few described patterns of gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy is Jump gait. Sagittal motion kinematics of gait in spastic children have been studied by various authors. They have described that in jump gait, rapid knee extension and plantar flexion occur during initial contact, however, as the child gains weight and matures the pattern slows and changes. Instrumented gait analysis enhances the understanding of gait abnormality by providing real-time objective data that cannot be appreciated visually. Very few data describing the jump gait in children with spastic diplegia belonging to the Indian population exists. The aim of this study is to describe the kinematic characteristics of jump gait in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methodology: Clinical and physical evaluation, kinematic and spatiotemporal data from three-dimensional gait analysis of 14 children from India with spastic cerebral palsy walking with jump gait diagnosed clinically were compiled and entered into a pro forma after informed consent. Children were grouped according to age, sex, and gross motor functional classification system (GMFCS). The aspects studied were ankle-foot rockers, initial contact during stance phase, knee flexion, hip flexion and hip adduction in relation to incidence, cadence, and mean velocity. Results: A total of 14 children with spastic jump gait were studied. The mean age was 8.4 years; there were 9 boys and 5 girls. 6 children belonged to GMFCS I and 8 belonged to GMFCS II. 2 children had hip flexion deformity and 6 had knee flexion deformity. The majority of the initial contact during stance phase was on the midfoot (53.6%). Although toe rockers were good in all age groups, children >12 years had deterioration of the other rockers. The rockers were best in the 7–12 age group. Children with hip flexion had decreased cadence and mean velocity so too did the children with knee flexion deformity. Those children who had stiffer gastrocnemius muscle, i.e., static equinus had better cadence than those children who had dynamic equinus. However, most analyses had no significant P values. Except for the analysis of knee flexion contracture to cadence (P = 0.05). Conclusion: Children with jump gait mostly landed on their midfoot during initial contact. The ankle rockers were best in the 7–12 age group and knee flexion deformity played a significant role in making the gait slower. Stiffer equinus helped the children to have faster cadence.
Authors and Affiliations
Laxmi Mohan, George Zachariah, G Padmakumar
Keywords
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