Kinetic Equations of Free-Radical Nonbranched-Chain Processes of Addition
Journal Title: International Invention of Scientific Journal - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue 3
Abstract
The aim of this study was the conclusion of simple kinetic equations to describe ab initio initiated nonbranched-chain processes of the saturated free-radical addition to the double bonds of unsaturated molecules in the binary reaction systems of saturated and unsaturated components. In the processes of this kind the formation rate of the molecular addition products (1:1 adducts) as a function of concentration of the unsaturated component has a maximum. Five reaction schemes are suggested for this addition processes. The proposed schemes include the reaction competing with chain propagation reactions through a reactive free radical. The chain evolution stage in these schemes involves three or four types of free radicals. One of them is relatively low-reactive and inhibits the chain process by shortening of the kinetic chain length. Based on the suggested schemes, nine rate equations (containing one to three parameters to be determined directly) are deduced using quasi-steady-state treatment. These equations provide good fits for the nonmonotonic (peaking) dependences of the formation rates of the molecular products (1:1 adducts) on the concentration of the unsaturated component in binary systems consisting of a saturated component (hydrocarbon, alcohol, etc.) and an unsaturated component (alkene, allyl alcohol, formaldehyde, or dioxygen). The unsaturated compound in these systems is both a reactant and an autoinhibitor generating low-reactive free radicals. A similar kinetic description is applicable to the nonbranched-chain process of the free-radical hydrogen oxidation, in which the oxygen with the increase of its concentration begins to act as an oxidation autoingibitor (or an antioxidant). The energetics of the key radical-molecule reactions is considered.
Authors and Affiliations
Michael M. Silaev
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP473972
- DOI -
- Views 157
- Downloads 0
Features Nature and Economic Conditions of Azerbaijan
Natural and economic conditions in Azerbaijan are very complex and peculiar. Up to 60% of the entire territory of Azerbaijan is occupied by mountain and foothill zones, the remaining part (42.8%) - plains and lowlands. T...
Mechanical Behavior of Clay Reinforced by Layers of Polymer
In this work, we suggest the use of polymers as additives to coherent soils in order to know their influence on the latters, an experimental study in the laboratory was carried out on a clayey soil reinforced by layers i...
Biopolymer Materials, an Alternative to Synthetic Polymer Materials
Reports have shown that the use of petroleum based polymers have numerous adverse impact on atmosphere. Most of the plastic waste ended up in the landfill creates pollution with the accumulation of chemicals, only 10% of...
Frequency of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Disturbances in Thyroid Gland Function in Women with Acne Vulgaris: Hormone Profiles and Clinical Findings
Background: Acne vulgaris is skin disease affecting the pilosebaceous units. It is related to the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), metabolic syndrome and dysfunction of the thyroid gland. Objective: This study investiga...
Monitoring and Simulating Flow Rate in Groundwater Using Quadratic Shape Function Approach
The research presented in this article is centered on monitoring and simulating flow rate in an unconfined formation. One dimensional Laplace equation of steady flow was used to develop flow rate model. The flow rate of...