Lifetime Maximization on Scalable Stable Election Protocol for Large Scale Traffic Engineering
Journal Title: International Journal of Advanced Computer Science & Applications - Year 2018, Vol 9, Issue 1
Abstract
Recently, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are getting more fame because of low cost and easy to manage and maintain. WSNs consists of sensor nodes and a Base Station (BS). Sensor nodes are responsible to sense, transmit and receive the data packets from sensing field, and the BS is responsible to collect this data and covert it into readable form. The main issue in this network is lack of power resources. As sensor nodes are restricted to limited energy, so researchers always aims to produce an energy efficient clustered routing protocol. To make the efficient routing protocol, heterogeneity of sensor nodes is a best possible solution. ‘Stable Election Protocol’ was the first heterogeneous network and proposed two level of heterogeneity. SEP Protocol not only improved the network lifetime but also improved the stability of sensor nodes. In order to maximize the network lifetime, we propose the scalability of SEP routing protocol (S-SEP) to check the reliability in large scale networks for traffic engineering. We compare the results of standard SEP routing protocol with fourth level of heterogeneity. Simulation results proves that S-SEP protocol works more better in larger networks.
Authors and Affiliations
Muhammad Asad, Arsalan Ali Shaikh, Soomro Pir Dino, Yao Nianmin
Smart Card ID: An Evolving and Viable Technology
In today’s world carrying a number of plastic smart cards to establish our identity has become an integral segment of our routine lives. Identity establishment necessitates a pre stored readily available data about self...
Introducing Multi Shippers Mechanism for Decentralized Cash on Delivery System
One of the major problems of e-commerce globally is the selling and buying of goods among the parties over the Internet in which the traders may not trust their partners. Cash on delivery allows customers to pay in cash...
KNN and ANN-based Recognition of Handwritten Pashto Letters using Zoning Features
This paper presents an intelligent recognition sys-tem for handwritten Pashto letters. However, handwritten char-acter recognition is challenging due to the variations in shape and style. In addition to that, these chara...
Efficient Hybrid Semantic Text Similarity using Wordnet and a Corpus
Text similarity plays an important role in natural language processing tasks such as answering questions and summarizing text. At present, state-of-the-art text similarity algorithms rely on inefficient word pairings and...
Impact of Web 2.0 on Digital Divide in AJ&K Pakistan
Digital divide is normally measured in terms of gap between those who can efficiently use new technological tools, such as internet, and those who cannot. It was also hypothesized that web 2.0 tools motivate people to us...