Long-term effects of ambient particulate matter on hypertension among royal Thai army officers: a retrospective cohort study
Journal Title: Journal of Public Health and Development - Year 2024, Vol 22, Issue 1
Abstract
Recent research on the link between exposure to ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter up to 2.5 microns (PM2.5) and hypertension risk has primarily concentrated on spatial variation (or between-individual comparisons). Research into temporal variations (or within-individual comparisons over time) has largely been neglected. This study sought to examine the spatial–temporal effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on hypertension risk among military personnel in Thailand. A retrospective cohort study was conducted, encompassing 40,984 Royal Thai Army officers from 400 army units stationed across 51 provinces in Thailand. Medical check-up data from 2018 to 2021 were analyzed alongside ambient PM2.5 data from 2015 to 2017, sourced from the Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency. Two parameters, PM2.5-baseline and PM2.5-change, were introduced to assess the impact of spatial and temporal PM2.5 variations on hypertension incidence. Cox proportional hazard regression was used, with hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) serving as the measure of association. The association between PM2.5-baseline and hypertension incidence yielded hazard ratios in Quartiles 2 to 4 compared to Quartile 1 of: Q2 HR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.10–1.28; Q3 HR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.02–1.20; Q4 HR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05–1.22. Additionally, the PM2.5-change showed a J-shaped association with hypertension incidence. Our findings underscore the role of both temporal and spatial factors in hypertension development and highlight the necessity for comprehensive investigations into the causal relationship between PM2.5 exposure and hypertension risk. They also provide valuable insights for devising effective strategies to mitigate the adverse health impacts of PM2.5 pollution.
Authors and Affiliations
Sarun Poobunjirdkul, Apisorn Laorattapong, Thanapoom Rattananupong, Wiroj Jiamjarasrangsi.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP726266
- DOI 10.55131/jphd/2024/220106
- Views 54
- Downloads 0
Effectiveness of self-massage combined with a health education program using the self-efficacy theory in reducing peripheral neuropathy among diabetes mellitus patients
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. It often causes impairment of sensory nerves, which can negatively impact functional mobility and quality of life for patients. Self-mas...
Relationship of shift work with liver enzyme abnormalities and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A retrospective cohort study of Thai workers in Bangkok, Thailand
Shift work, particularly night shift work, has several detrimental health outcomes. This retrospective study investigated the associations of shift work with the incidence rates of liver enzyme abnormalities and nonalcoh...
Assessment of local health security fund implementation for well-being promotion and health mechanism development at the local level
This research employed Participatory Action Research (PAR) with the purpose of applying the health impact assessment on the local health security fund implementation for well-being promotion and health mechanism developm...
Knowledge, perceptions and attitude of women about cervical cancer and its screening in Iyin Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
In Nigeria, cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women. This study was conducted to determine women’s knowledge, perceptions and attitude to cervical cancer and its screening services in Iy...
Health determinant factors associated with smoking behaviour of older adults in Thailand
The health burden caused by smoking behaviour among older adults is an uncontrollable problem worldwide. In particular, the trend of smoking among the aging population is rapidly growing. It affects individuals, families...