Lyme Disease-An Emerging Metazoonosis of Public Health Concern
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical Immunology & Microbiology - Year 2021, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Recent decades witnessed the emergence of several zoonotic diseases, such as bird flu, Ebola disease, Nipah virus disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome, swine flu, COVID-19 and others [1]. The emergence of these zoonoses attracted the attention of national and international health authorities throughout the world. Emerging zoonoses caused by a variety of organisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi, Rickettsia, protozoa, and helminths, are significant causes of morbidity and mortality in humans as well as in animals. These diseases can occur in sporadic as well as epidemic form and are encountered in both sex, all age groups, in all seasons, in rural and urban settings, and in all climatic zones [1]. Several factors like rapid urbanization, industrialization, agricultural intensification, globalization of trade and travel, deforestation, natural disasters, social upheaval, construction of dam, and natural disasters etc. are driving the emergence of zoonotic diseases [1,2]. Metazoonosis is an infectious disease that is transmitted biologically by an invertebrate vector (mosquito, tick, mite, sand fly, rat flea, tsetse fly) in which the agent develops, multiplies or both [1]. There are several metazonoses, such as babesiosis, borreliosis, chickungunya fever, Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever, dengue fever, eastern equine encephalitis, filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, Kayasanur forest disease, leishmaniasis, murine typhus, plague, rickettsial pox, Rift Valley fever, scrub typhus, trypanosomiasis, West Nile fever and yellow fever that can cause considerable morbidity and mortality [1,3-5]. These diseases are important from public health and economic point of views, and are reported from developed as well as developing countries of the world [1]. The incidence of vector-borne disease involves a complex interplay of multiple factors that affect the humans, animals and vectors [2].
Authors and Affiliations
Mahendra Pal
Keywords
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- EP ID EP699095
- DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.46889/JCIM.2021.2110
- Views 94
- Downloads 0
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