MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS AND RESULTS ETHNIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC AND MIGRATION PROCESSES ORENBURG REGION
Journal Title: Вісник Одеського національного університету. Географічні та геологічні науки - Year 2015, Vol 20, Issue 3
Abstract
Purpose. Modern demographic situation in Russia is going through a demographic crisis that manifests itself in the reduction of the population, deterioration of its quality, the rapid decline of the working population, aging population and decreasing life expectancy. Orenburg region is characterized by a natural population decline. Due to the fact that the labor force is not enough, at a time when labor is the main resource, it is impossible to further economic and social development of the regions of the country. The aim of the study is to develop understanding of modern ethno-demographic and migration situation in the Orenburg region. Data & Methods. The methodological base of the research were the works of domestic and foreign authors, in particular, V.V. Amelin, E.М. Vinogradovа , V.A. Kurguzov, A.I. Spitsina, T.M. Gavrilova , R.R. Galetsky, E.M. Andreev. As the information base used materials Census Orenburg region in 1989, 2002 and 2010 years аs well as data from site of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Orenburg region. In carrying out the study used comparative-geographical and statistical methods. Finding and Results. The demographic situation in the region remains quite complicated. Until 1996, in the region after the 1989 census, there was an annual increase in population. In 1997, for the first time during this period the population decreased by 1.7 thousand. People. A similar situation arose in 2000, compared with 1999 the population decreased by 12.8 thousand. People. And in 2010, compared to 2000 – by 4.1 thousand. In modern conditions, there is a natural decline in population, so the role of migration growth increased significantly. Migration flows are forced to deal with complex questions of human rights and citizenship. In this regard, the Russian legislation allows a man to secure for such status as a refugee or displaced person. Migration can be an important source of labor. As an agricultural region of Russia, Orenburg region needs it. Also important the fact that migrants are those who possess scarce occupations and highly qualified, as well as, often, they are willing to work for lower wages, for which the local population would not agree to work.
Authors and Affiliations
A. N. Tyurin
Keywords
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