Malignant Hyperthermia- Review Article
Journal Title: Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 12
Abstract
The malignant hyperthermia is a rare autosomal dominant disease of the skeletal muscles. Triggered by volatile anesthetics and succinylcholine which leads to excess release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum that leads to hypermetabolic status of the body and it could be fatal. The incidence between 1:10000 and 1:250000 anesthetics. It is more common in males than females, and the young more than old people. MH cause by mutation in RYR1, CACHA1S or STAC3 genes. Symptoms of MH are muscle rigidity, tachycardia, hypercapnia, hypoxemia and hyperthermia. The symptoms of MH could be mistaken by other conditions and therefore delay the treatment. Treatment is by stopping the triggering agent, symptomatic treatment to prevent complications and the only pharmacological agent that reverses the MH is Dantrolen. IVCT is the gold standard to diagnose MH but it is invasive. Genetic testing is less invasive and also help in diagnosis of MH and identification of the affected gene, but it does not replace IVCT.
Authors and Affiliations
Alaa Sabbahi, MD, Dania Abdulelah Sabbahi
Keywords
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