Management of Faba Bean Gall Disease using Cultivars and Fungicides in North Showa Zone of Central Ethiopia

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Management of Faba Bean Gall Disease using Cultivars and Fungicides in North Showa Zone of Central Ethiopia

Journal Title: International Journal of Research in Agricultural Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 1

Abstract

Faba Bean Gall (FBG) disease has become a serious threat to faba bean production and productivity in major faba bean growing areas of the country causing a yield loss as high as 100%. Since the disease is new and recently reported in the country, information on its epidiomolgy disease intensity as well as its management methods. Therefore, the experiments were carried out to investigate its management using cultivars and fungicides with four spray frequencies. For the assesment of FBG disease management, a total of thirty treatments that included three cultivars (Gora, CS20DK and Local) and fungicides (Bayleton, Chlorothalonil and Ridomil MZ) with four spray frequencies were arranged in a split-split plot design with three replications on farmers’ fields at Degem and Mush, North Shoa Zone in 2015 main cropping season. The statistical analysis showed that significant differences among treatments in the FBG incidence, severity and AUDPC value at both locations. On the final date of disease assessment, among the cultivars Gora cultivar recorded the lowest disease incidence of 40.69%, 25.42% and severity of 28.75%, 24.44% at Degem and Mush, respectively, whereas the highest disease incidence of 50.42 and 30.42% and severity of 33.3 and 29.68% were recorded on the local cultivar at Degem and Mush, respectively. The highest reduction on disease severity i.e. 71.69% at Degem and 67.12% at Mush were recorded on three times sprayed plots. At Degem the highest (3058.33%) and the lowest (1469.44 %-days) AUDPC were recorded from unsprayed plots of the local cultivar and Gora cultivar sprayed three times, respectively. Also at Mush, the highest (1916.67%-days) AUDPC value was calculated on unsprayed local cultivar, whereas; the lowest i.e. 902.78 and 916.67%-days AUDPC values were recorded from three times sprayed cultivars of CS20DK and Gora, respectively. The highest (7.57 at Dege and 3.59 at Mush) number of pods per plant were recorded on CS20DK and local cultivars sprayed with Redomil fungicide two and three times in the order mentioned. Also, the highest (2.40 at Degem and 2.68 at Mush) seeds per pod were recorded on local cultivar Redomil sprayed and on local cultivar three times sprayed plots were obtained respectively. At Degem, 1.216 t/ha yield was obtained on Gora cultivar sprayed with Chlorothalonil three times also at Mush 0.981 t/ha was obtained on same cultivar sprayed with Bayleton fungicide three times. The PDI, PDS and AUDPC values were correlated negatively and highly significantly with PP, SP, grain yield and HSW, at Degem but at Mush, they were correlated negatively and significantly with only grain yield while they were negatively and non-significantly correlated with PP, SP and HSW. At Degem, the highest net benefit (Birr 8,189) and marginal rate of return (777.5%) were obtained from three time’s sprayed local and CS20DK cultivars, respectively, whereas, at Mush, the highest net benefit of Birr 6,943.5 and marginal rate of return 380.94%, were obtained from Gora cultivar sprayed three times with Bayleton and local cultivar sprayed two times with Redomil fungicide, respectively. The results of the present study provide some evidence on the response of faba bean cultivars, effect of fungicides and spray frequencies on disease intensity reduction and substantial increase on yield. Thus the improved cultivar Gora accompanied with three times spray with Bayeton fungicide could be recommended for the management of FBG disease. However, further evaluations of faba bean genotypes, fungicides and other disease control methods are important. In addition, for the development of sound and successful management, information regarding epidemiology of the disease in the country is a paramount. Thus any research towards this line could be highly appreciated/ recommended.

Authors and Affiliations

Belachew Bekele, et al.

Keywords

AUDPC Cost benefit Cultivars Faba bean FBG disease Fungicide Spray frequencies Yield.

EP ID EP501444
DOI -
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