Mapping and Assessment of Soil Loss in Berrechid Plain Using a Gis And the Universal Soil Loss Equation (Usle)
Journal Title: American journal of Engineering Research - Year 2016, Vol 5, Issue 3
Abstract
Soil and water are basic resources. Their exploitation or development is a matter of survival for many, an escape from poverty for most, and an opportunity to pursue additional power, wealth and selfish interest for some [1].Soil erosion is a growing problem in particular in the areas of agricultural activity where soil erosion not only leads to decrease agricultural productivity but also reduces the availability of the water. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is the most popular empirical model used globally for the prediction and control of erosion. Remote sensing and GIS are powerful tools that can be used in the collection and the combination of data [2]. They are considered our days as essential tools in the interactive systems to aid in the decision [3]. Berrechid plain belongs to the bioclimatic Floor semi-arid with an average annual precipitation of 380 mm, and knows a development of agricultural activities with more and more exaggerated use of chemical fertilizers. An attempt has been made to assess the annual soil loss in Berrechid the plain using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) in the framework of the SIG. Such information can help considerably to identify the priority areas for the implementation of measures to control erosion. The rate of soil erosion has been determined depending on the topography , on the soil, the texture of the soil, land use and land cover, rainfall erosivity, and the management of the cultures and the practice in the watershed using the Universal Soil Loss Equation, imaging of remote sensing and GIS techniques. The rainfed erosivity, R-factor of the USLE, varies between 40.85 and 57,549 with an average of 49,362 MJ mm/ha/h/year and erodibility of the soil K-factor is 0.02 - 0.26. The slopes in the basin are low and the LS factor has values ranging from 0 - 2.79. The factor of C has been calculated on the basis of NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) values derived from Landsat Image-ETM. The value of P was calculated from the cropping patterns in the watershed. The loss of soil estimated annual in the watershed with the help of'(USLE) is low to medium (ranging from 0 to 9.42 t/ha/year)
Authors and Affiliations
M. Aboulouafa*1,, H. Taouil*1,, S. Ibn Ahmed*1
Keywords
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