Mechanisms for the Proximity Between the Perspectives of the Shiite Jurisprudence and the International Human Rights System Regarding Corporal Punishment of Children
Journal Title: The Journal of Human Rights - Year 2012, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
One of the challenging issues which families and societies face in rearing and upbringing is how to treat children’s misbehavior In Islamic perspective, especially Shiite jurisprudence, which is considered to be the main source of legislation in the Islamic republic of Iran, in addition to paying special attention to children’s education and their development and happiness, much emphasis has been put on their dignity, being kind to them, their expedience, preventing any harm and injury to them. Also, it is prohibited to punish and abuse them. However, in some cases corporal punishment of children is permissible and permitted because of their expedience. On the contrary, the international human rights system seeks to eliminate the use of all forms of corporal punishment from all societies. Using different types of instruments and documents, it tries to promote this view. It considers corporal punishment as being against the child’s human dignity and physical integrity. Furthermore, sometimes it is considered inhumane, cruel and humiliating. Therefore, initially and apparently, the two approaches appear to be contradictory. Thus, we try to explain the true nature of the two approaches and to provide some solutions for their proximity considering the interests of the society as well as children's expedience, interests, education, rights and development. Key words: corporal Punishment, child rearing, child abuse, school, Islamic Law, human rights چکیده از جمله‌ی مسائل حسّاس و مهمّ تربیتی که خانواده‌ها و جوامع بشری دچار آن هستند، چگونگی برخورد با اعمال و کردارهای ناروای کودکان است. در دیدگاه اسلامی و به خصوص فقه سترگ شیعه که در کشور ما منبع الهام‌بخش جهت قانونگذاری محسوب می‌گردد، علاوه بر توجّه خاص به امور تربیتی کودکان و رشد و سعادت آنان، بر کرامت کودکان، مهروزی و مصلحت محوری در برخورد با آنان و جلوگیری از هرگونه زیان و آسیب به آن‌ها تأکید بسیار شده و از کیفر دادن، خشونت و آزار اطفال منع شده است. هرچند در مواردی نیز تنبیه کودکان به جهت رعایت مصلحت و غبطه‌ی آنان، جایز و بلامانع دانسته شده است. لیکن نظام بین الملل حقوق بشر تلاش می‌کند تا تنبیه بدنی کودکان را از جوامع حذف نماید و با ابزارهای گوناگون درصدد ترویج این دیدگاه بوده و معتقد است تنبیه کودکان بر خلاف کرامت انسانی و تمامیّت جسمانی کودکان بوده و گاه، امری غیر انسانی، تحقیر آمیز و خشن نیز محسوب می‌شود؛ لذا، تمام تلاش خود را بر این امر متمرکز نموده است که از اِعمال همه‌ی انواع تنبیه و مجازات بدنی کودکان در سطح جهانی جلوگیری کرده، و این عمل را به طور کلّ حذف نماید. بنابراین، در بدو امر و به ظاهر، دو رویکرد متعارض شکل می‌گیرد. ما ضمن بررسی و تبیـین موضع واقعی این دو دیـدگاه، سعی نموده‌ایم که با توجّه به غبطه و مصلحت کودکان و منافع اجتماع، تربیت، رشد و حقوق کودکان، راه‌کارهای مناسب جهت نزدیکی دو رویکرد به یک‌دیگر ارائه دهیم.
Authors and Affiliations
Seyed Javad Hoseynikhah
Keywords
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