Mechanisms of platelet-activating factor (PAF)-mediated responses in the lung.
Journal Title: Pharmacological Reports - Year 2005, Vol 57, Issue
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent lipid mediator that has been implicated in asthma, sepsis, acute lung injury and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Its actions in the lungs include vasoconstriction, bronchoconstriction, and edema formation. Despite the fact that PAF exerts these actions within minutes, they are mediated by other lipid mediators, in particular eicosanoids generated by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes and sphingolipids generated by acid sphingomyelinase. We will discuss the mechanisms of the PAF-induced pressor responses that are triggered by thromboxane A(2) and leukotrienes, as well the PAF-induced increase in vascular permeability that is mediated by prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and ceramide.
Authors and Affiliations
Stefan Uhlig, R Göggel, Stephanie Engel
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP144324
- DOI -
- Views 89
- Downloads 0
Impact of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on neural development and the onset of neurological disorders.
Even though high doses of organic pollutants are toxic, relatively low concentrations have been reported to cause long-term alterations in functioning of individual organisms, populations and even next generations. Among...
Natural and synthetic acridines/acridones as antitumor agents: their biological activities and methods of synthesis.
Acridine derivatives constitute a class of compounds that are being intensively studied as potential anticancer drugs. Acridines are well-known for their high cytotoxic activity; however, their clinical application is li...
σ Receptor antagonist attenuation of methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity is correlated to body temperature modulation.
Background: Methamphetamine (METH) causes hyperthermia and dopaminergic neurotoxicity in the rodent striatum. METH interacts with σ receptors and σ receptor antagonists normally mitigate METH-induced hyperthermia and dop...
Modification of morphine analgesia by venlafaxine in diabetic neuropathic pain model.
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of single or chronic (21 days) administration of the serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, venlafaxine, on the antinociceptive action of th...
1-Methylnicotinamide (MNA) prevents endothelial dysfunction in hypertriglyceridemic and diabetic rats.
For many years, 1-methylnicotinamide (MNA), a primary metabolite of nicotinamide, has been considered inactive. Recently however, it has been discovered that MNA possesses anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory activity....