Meningococcal disease, a clinical and epidemiological review
Journal Title: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - Year 2017, Vol 10, Issue 11
Abstract
Meningococcal disease is the acute infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which has humans as the only natural host. The disease is widespread around the globe and is known for its epidemical potential and high rates of lethality and morbidity. The highest number of cases of the disease is registered in the semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. In Brazil, it is endemic with occasional outbreaks, epidemics and sporadic cases occurring throughout the year, especially in the winter. The major epidemics of the disease occurred in Brazil in the 70's caused by serogroups A and C. Serogroups B, C and Y represent the majority of cases in Europe, the Americas and Australia. However, there has been a growing increase in serogroup W in some areas. The pathogen transmission happens for respiratory route (droplets) and clinically can lead to meningitis and sepsis (meningococcemia). The treatment is made with antimicrobial and supportive care. For successful prevention, we have some measures like vaccination, chemoprophylaxis and droplets' precautions. In this review, we have described and clarify clinical features of the disease caused by N. meningitidis regarding its relevance for healthcare professionals.
Authors and Affiliations
Rodrigo Siqueira Batista
Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of essential oil and methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris and Gaultheria fragrantissima collected from Nepal
Objective To identify the chemical constituents and biological activities of essential oil and crude methanol extract of Artemisia vulgaris (A. vulgaris) and Gaultheria fragrantissima (G. fragrantissima). Methods Phyto...
Phytochemical overview and medicinal importance of Coffea species from the past until now
Coffea (coffee) species are grown in almost all countries along the Equator. Many members of the genus have a large production history and an important role both in the global market and researches. Seeds (Coffeae semen)...
A study on the stable inheritance of chromosome aberration karyotype in three families of two generations in Hainan province
Objective: To examine chromosomes of a total of 10 857 people who asked for prenatal genetic counseling in our hospital from February 1994 to July 2018. The important diagnostic reference index for the clinical diagnosis...
Role of dietary phytochemicals in modulation of miRNA expression: Natural swords combating breast cancer
The National Cancer Institute had projected breast cancer (BC) as one of the topmost prevalent malignancies around the globe. In many cases, BC becomes resistant to chemotherapy, radiation and hormonal therapies. Traditi...
Chloride channel involved in the regulation of curcumin-induced apoptosis of human breast cancer cells
Objective: To investigate the role of ClC-3 chloride channel in the proliferation of breast cancer cell line Mcf-7 treated with curcumin and its specific mechanism. Methods: MTT assay was used to detect the effect of chl...