Metabolic and adaptive immune responses induced in mice infected with tissue-dwelling nematode Trichinella zimbabwensis
Journal Title: Open Veterinary Journal - Year 2016, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Tissue-dwelling helminths are known to induce intestinal and systemic inflammation accompanied with host compensatory mechanisms to counter balance nutritional and metabolic deficiencies. The metabolic and immune responses of the host depend on parasite species and tissues affected by the parasite. This study investigated metabolic and immuno-inflammatory responses of mice infected with tissue-dwelling larvae of Trichinella zimbabwensis and explored the relationship between infection, metabolic parameters and Th1/Th17 immune responses. Sixty (60) female BALB/c mice aged between 6 to 8 weeks old were randomly assigned into T. zimbabwensis-infected and control groups. Levels of Th1 (interferon-γ) and Th17 (interleukin-17) cytokines, insulin and blood glucose were determined as well as measurements of body weight, food and water intake. Results showed that during the enteric phase of infection, insulin and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher in the Trichinella infected group accompanied with a reduction in the trends of food intake and weight loss compared with the control group. During systemic larval migration, trends in food and water intake were significantly altered and this was attributed to compensatory feeding resulting in weight gain, reduced insulin levels and increased IL-17 levels. Larval migration also induced a Th1/Th17 derived inflammatory response. It was concluded that T. zimbabwensis alters metabolic parameters by instigating host compensatory feeding. Furthermore, we showed for the first time that non-encapsulated T. zimbabwensis parasite plays a role in immunomodulating host Th1/Th17 type responses during chronic infection.
Authors and Affiliations
N. Onkoba| College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Howard Campus, Durban, South Africa, Tropical Infectious Diseases, Institute of Primate Research, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya, M. J. Chimbari| College of Health Sciences, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Howard Campus, Durban, South Africa, J. M. Kamau| Tropical Infectious Diseases, Institute of Primate Research, Karen, Nairobi, Kenya, School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi, Kenya, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa, S. Mukaratirwa| School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, South Africa
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP9385
- DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v6i3.6
- Views 451
- Downloads 25
Splenophrenic portosystemic shunt in dogs with and without portal hypertension: can acquired and congenital porto-caval connections coexist?
The possible existence of the same pattern of porto-caval connection in dogs having a single congenital portosystemic shunt (CPSS) and in dogs having multiple acquired portosystemic shunt (MAPSS) secondary to portal hyp...
Changes in intraocular pressure and horizontal pupil diameter during use of topical mydriatics in the canine eye
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of topical 0.5% tropicamide, 1% atropine sulphate and 10% phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solutions on intraocular pressure (IOP) and horizontal pupil diam...
TGF-β1 serum concentrations and receptor expressions in the lens capsular of dogs with diabetes mellitus
Tissue fibrosis as complication of diabetes mellitus is known in humans. Because TGF-β1induces fibrosis and is elevated in humans suffering from diabetes mellitus we measured this growth factor in serum of dogs with di...
Survey of spatial distribution of vector-borne disease in neighborhood dogs in southern Brazil
Neighborhood dogs may act as reservoirs and disseminators of vector-borne diseases in urban areas. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to ascertain the health status and the vector-borne pathogens infecting dogs livi...
Isolation and molecular identification of Vibrio spp. by sequencing of 16S rDNA from seafood, meat and meat products in Libya
The genus Vibrio includes several food-borne pathogens that cause a spectrum of clinical conditions including septicemia, cholera and milder forms of gastroenteritis. Several Vibrio spp. are commonly associated with foo...