Metody wykorzystywane do wizualizacji śladów linii papilarnych
Journal Title: Wiadomości Chemiczne - Year 2014, Vol 68, Issue 3
Abstract
Dactyloscopy as one of the branches of forensic science deals with fingerprints identification of the individual human being. Fingerprints are in general invisible, therefore in order to set about the identification, we have to make them evident. To reveal hidden fingerprints, criminological technology uses physical methods, chemical reactions and even some biological processes. In this review, we present a set of methods that is being used in criminology to reveal fingerprints and other hidden traces. In search for potential fingerprints, objects are exposed to natural and artificial light sources since visual methods are most commonly used by criminology technicians. Further methods for revealing fingerprints are selected on the basis of type of surface, the trace was left on, and the substance forming the fingerprint. In his article we present the set of methods, commonly used to reveal fingerprints, featuring physical, chemical and physicochemical approaches [6]. Chemical methods: DFO, 1,2-IND and Ninhydin used for revealing fingerprints on absorptive surfaces, Amido Black, Hungarian Red, DAB and LCV used for detecting bloody fingerprints, DMAC used for revealing fingerprints on temperature-felt papers, RTX dioxide of ruthenium used to absorptive and nonabsorptive surfaces [9, 11, 14, 19, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30]. Next, we present physical methods among others optical methods which are helpful in revealing fingerprints for the naked eye and (if needed) enlarging optical devices. To achieve acceptable visibility, criminologists use various kinds of lamps and filters. Subsequently we present methods based on adhesion, that are based on adjoining the powder or suspension to sudoral-fatty substance. We present here methods based on the use of dactyloscopic powders, crystal violet which is appearing in the form of dark-green powder , SPR (Small Particle Reagent) – suspension of black MoS2 powder, Sticky-side Powder which composition is accessing iron oxide and aluminum, Wet Powder Black, composed of iron oxide and Wet Powder White (titanium dioxide). Tape-Glo (ready-made red-orange solution), Sudan Black B (in the solid state it is a powder of the black colour), Liquid-drox (yellow solution), fluorescent dyes: Ardrox P133D, Safranin O, chelate of europium and Basic Yellow 40 [31, 34–38]. The other methods are physicochemical methods: cyanoacrylate, iodine, physical developer and multi metal deposition [42, 45, 46]. As a result of technological development newer methods of visualizing latent fingerprints appear, replacing those previously used. Improvement of the methods of revealing latent fingerprints leads to better readability and in effect, makes police work easier.
Authors and Affiliations
Emilia Karolina Kołek-Kaczanowska, Joanna Kreczko, Zbigniew Maćkiewicz
Keywords
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