Microbiology Of Apical Periodontitis And Diagnostic Techniques

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Microbiology Of Apical Periodontitis And Diagnostic Techniques

Journal Title: Uluslararası Dis Hekimligi Bilimleri Dergisi - Year 2024, Vol 10, Issue 2

Abstract

Objective: Apical periodontitis (root canal infection) is an inflammatory and infectious disease characterized by hard tissue resorption and destruction of the periodontal ligament caused by the passage of microorganisms and their metabolic products from the root canal to the periradicular space. Apical periodontitis has a microbial etiology. Fungi, archaea and viruses have been found to be associated with apical periodontitis, but bacteria are the most common and predominant microorganisms causing root canal infections. Intracanal bacteria are usually observed as biofilms adherent to the dentin root canal walls. Although more than 500 bacterial species have been identified in endodontic infections, a selected group of 20 to 30 species are most frequently detected and are considered the core microbiome. Obligate anaerobic species are more abundant in the intraradicular bacterial communities of teeth with primary apical periodontitis, while both anaerobes and facultative species predominate in the bacterial communities of teeth with post-treatment apical periodontitis. Traditionally, bacteria causing root canal infections have been studied by cultivation-based techniques based on isolation, growth, morphology and laboratory identification by biochemical tests. However, cultivation and other traditional identification methods have been shown to have several limitations when it comes to microbiologic diagnosis. In the last decade, microbial molecular diagnostics have been developed to overcome these limitations. In the last decade, many methods have been used in the field of microbial molecular diagnostics to overcome these limitations, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology and its derivatives, DNA-DNA hybridization and next generation sequencing techniques. Conclusion The aim of this review is to examine root canal infections and related microorganisms and their detection methods with the current literature.

Authors and Affiliations

Melisa USLU, Sevinç AKTEMUR TÜRKER

Keywords

Root Canal Infections Moleculer Techniques Next Generation Sequencing.

EP ID EP743564
DOI https://doi.org/10.21306/dishekimligi.1455438
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