MIGRATION PROCESSES IN UKRAINE: CONTEMPORARY TRENDS AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES
Journal Title: Економічна стратегія і перспективи розвитку сфери торгівлі та послуг - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue
Abstract
Modern tendencies of migration processes in Ukraine as an indicator of the country’s socio-economic development are considered. It is proved that as an economic phenomenon, migration of the population contributes to rational redistribution of labor resources, helps to solve demographic problems, including the problems of population aging, accelerates scientific and technical process, exchanges information and technologies, helps to reduce labor costs, integrates our country into the world production, increases investment flow to the donor country in the form of foreign exchange transfers of employees. It is established that the main reasons for strengthening emigration sentiments in the society are economic factors (low living standards, economic instability, low wages, rising unemployment, underemployed workers, etc.), political factors (political instability, high level of corruption, military conflict in the east of the country, annexation of the Crimea), socio-psychological (outdated system of education, health, lack of opportunities for professional growth, etc.) and environmental factors. Changes in the volume of migration, which are characterized by a significant growth, are studied. Geographical direction of migratory flows is analyzed, which indicates that most of the migration flows are directed to Poland, the Russian Federation, the Czech Republic and Italy. Priority areas of employment are: construction (men) and households (women), as well as services and agriculture. The specificity of a gender-age structure of migration is considered. It is characterized by the increase in the number of women migrants and growth of youth migration, as an extremely negative phenomenon for the Ukrainian economy. At the same time, it was noted that for Ukraine, as for the country-supplier of migrants, migration processes carry a number of threats and risks (outflow of labor resources, deterioration of gender-age structure of the population, reduction of the country's innovative and ntellectual potential, etc.).
Authors and Affiliations
Катерина Величко, Лариса Носач, Оксана Печенка
Keywords
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- EP ID EP247624
- DOI 10.5281/zenodo.1109694
- Views 152
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