Моделі природної гетерогенности лісів східних Бескидів [Models of natural forest heterogeneity of Eastern Beskids]
Journal Title: Праці Наукового товариства ім. Шевченка - Year 2016, Vol 46, Issue
Abstract
Modern concept of multi-level structure modeling of forest cover is proposed. It considers its differentiation onmacro-regional and zonal, azonal and high altitude climate and landscape level. The local structure of forest vegetation is considered of depending on the type of water-geochemical conditions in different parts of the slope relief and potential fertility of mountain soil. Soil fertility depends on their genetic type, according to FAO classification. The aim was justification by developing methods of building models multilevel structure and heterogeneity of different forest types Carpathian low mountains. The object of research - forest natural complexes of Eastern Beskid, that are typical of lowland Carpathian general. Methods of system analysis of sectoral mapping and statistical have been applied. Differentiation of forest vegetation are shown at yhe elementary natural systems complexes. Modeling of edaphotopic local conditions of mesh coordination system were implemented. Information on the stands of our computer service (Former forests ...) was obtained. It contains the cruise materials of stratum forest accounting of the carpathian part of Dniester basin. Analytical study of information on the the ecological features of the forest cover structure based on the factor ordination and co-ordination methods, and generalization biometrics values of stands depending on their age and differentiated on the forest ecologic conditions types. Heterogeneity of low mountain forest cover zone based on zonal, azonal, high altitude climate and landscape levels of biogeographic structural differentiation are analyzed. Identified six high altitude climatic bands of related groups of forest types. Elementary forest natural complexes on modified types edaphotopes in a tabular grid system coordination of site forest ecology conditions were grouped. It contains a hygrotopes series the categories slope water-geochemical conditions, and a trophotopes series - four categories of potential fertility of genetic types of mountain soils. Traditional category of hygrotope types use in ranges of their values. They are specific to the local arid-rainy climate in different types of trophotopes and slope water geochemical conditions. On this basis, it is possible a successful modeling of the structure of the natural forest cover and its development, changing their composition and productivity. This is understandable and comfortable for use not only in research, but also - practical use in mountain forestry.
Authors and Affiliations
Platon Tretyak, Yurij Chernevyy
Keywords
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