Abstract

Introduction The infectious aneurysm in kidney transplant carriers constitutes 1-3% of all the reported aneurysms. In this population the frequency of infectious complications is high due to the presence of over immunosuppression episodes. Case presentation A 27-years-old female with end stage kidney disease, received a deceased donor kidney transplant, the induction immunosuppression consisted in polyclonal anti-lymphocyte therapy. The maintenance therapy included plus to the immunosuppressive drugs, valganciclovir as prophylaxis of CMV. Later the patient developed abdominal pain and progressive leucopenia; right pyosalpinx was diagnosed, the salpingectomy was performed. The condition of the patient got worst and a second survey was done, finding an infectious aneurysm of the external iliac artery, with the necessity of a vascular reconstruction Discussion Polyclonal anti-lymphocyte induction therapies are well known concerning the prognosis of the graft benefit, but also for their potential to generate infections. All immunosuppressive drugs give an increased risk for the development of infections, such as the mycotic aneurysm. Conclusion Immunosuppression should be monitored closely to avoid the development of over immunosuppression which increases the risk of infectious features such as the infectious aneurysm. This condition should be considered as a possible complication of renal transplant carriers, associated with a high mortality rate and I high chance of graft lost.

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