Natural Plant Oils and Terpenes as Protector for the Potato Tubers against[i] Phthorimaea operculella[/i] Infestation by Different Application Methods
Journal Title: Ecologia Balkanica - Year 2014, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
For protecting potato tubers from the potato tuber moth (PTM) infestation during storage, different concentrations of ten natural plant oils and three commercial monoterpnes were tested, some as fumigants or dusts against adults or dusts against neonate larvae, while others as sprays on the gunny sacks in which potato tubers were stored. Tuber damage indices as well as persistence indices for tested materials were assessed. Vapors of[i] Cymbopogon citratu[/i]s, [i]Myristica fragran[/i]s (nutmag), [i]Mentha citrata [/i]and a-Ionone (monoterpene) caused a highly significant reductions in the life span of exposed moths as well as in new adult offsprings. Other tested oils as [i]Cinnamonium zeylanicum[/i], [i]Myristica [/i][i]fragrans [/i](Mace) and [i]Pelargonium graveolens[/i] caused a insignificant effect. There was no significant effect of the tested vapors on egg hatchability, except in case of oils of [i]C. citratus[/i], [i]M. fragrans[/i] (nutmag) and [i]M. tragrans[/i](Mace oil) which caused high reduction in egg hatchability. According to the values of damage indices, the most effective oil vapors were arranged ascendingly as follows:[i] Myristica[/i] (nutmag) < [i]Cymbopogo[/i]n < [i]Menth[/i]a < a - Ionone. Dusting potato tubers with 1% conc., (mixed with talcum powder) of [i]Myristica[/i],[i] Mentha[/i], [i]Cymbopogons [/i]oils and a-Ionone (monoterpene) caused high reduction in egg deposition, adult emergence as well as percentage of penetrated larvae of PTM. According to their damage indices, Cymbopogon and ά-Ionone were the most protective oils, followed by [i]Myristica[/i] and [i]Mentha[/i]. Spraying gunnysacks with 1% conc., of the aforementioned natural oils separately elicited high reduction in PTM progeny; while their combinations did not elicit any significant synergistic effect. According to their tuber damage indices, it was found that [i]Cymbopogon [/i]oil alone or mixed with [i]Myristica[/i] oil showed the best protective effect, followed by [i]Myristic[/i]a oil alone and [i]Menth[/i]a oil mixed with [i]Cymbopogon[/i] oil. Assessment of the persistence index of various tested materials during storage indicated that: Vapors of [i]Cymbopogon[/i] and [i]Myristica[/i] (nutmag) gave the best protection from PTM infestation during storage (for 20 days). Dusting potato tubers with plant oil of [i]Cymbopogon [/i](mixed with talcum powder) gave the best protection during storage (for 15 days). Spraying gunnysacks with natural plant oils of [i]Cymbopogo[/i]n and[i] Myristica[/i], separately or mixed elicited the best protection from infestation by PTM during storage up to 20 days.
Authors and Affiliations
Aziza Sharaby, Hashim Abdel Rahman, Shadia S. Abdel-Aziz, Sawsan S. Moawad
Keywords
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