DEXMEDETOMIDINE: AN IDEAL DRUG FOR PROCEDURAL SEDATION OUTSIDE OPERATION THEATRE
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 21
Abstract
Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) is a method of administering sedatives or dissociative agents to patients undergoing unpleasant procedures. It has become the international standard of care for managing acute anxiety and pain, practiced by multiple specialists in varying settings outside the operating room. The aim of procedural sedation is to enable painful procedures to be performed safely and effectively with minimal discomfort to the patient. It is important that the depth of sedation is controlled to achieve these aims without compromising the patient’s airway or causing haemodynamic instability.1 PSA for children is the use of sedative, analgesic, and/or dissociative agents to relieve anxiety and pain associated with diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.2 Various drugs are being used for the procedural sedation e.g. Propofol, midazolam, ketamine and fentanyl. The respiratory depressant effects of opioids, benzodiazines, Propofol and ketamine create the need for a drug without adverse respiratory profile that can be safely used in both healthy and high risk patients undergoing PSA. An ideal drug required for PSA should be able to provide patient comfort, blunting of airway reflexes, patient cooperation, haemodynamic stability, amnesia and the maintenance of a patent airway with spontaneous ventilation and analgesia. Of late dexmedetomidine is emerging as one of the popular drugs for PSA as it meets many of the requirements of PSA.Dexmedetomidine is an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist, which provides sedation, analgesia, and anxiolysis in clinical practice. It is an imidazole compound, is the active d-isomer of medetomidine. Activation of central alpha 2-adrenoreceptors in the locus ceruleus is responsible for both analgesic and sedative effects. It has a very high alpha-2 to alpha-1 selectivity, 1620 to 1, or approximately 8 times that of clonidine.
Authors and Affiliations
Dinesh G, Aruna T. M, Gurudatta C. L
Keywords
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- EP ID EP138171
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2015/535
- Views 82
- Downloads 0
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