Abstract

 Wireless sensor network (WSN) is fashioned by a huge amount of distributed sensors jointly with an information collector, denoted as the sink node. Each distributed sensor node has the potential to gather and forward any sensed data back to more than one sink nodes through their wireless transceiver in a multihop mode. However the significance of using mobile sinks is to prevent the energy hole formation and reduction of energy consumption in WSN. The critical issue occurs in WSN is to prevent energy holes by means of balancing energy consumption in each sensor nodes. These constraints have directed and made exhaustive research attempts on designing various energy-efficient protocols. In this paper several methods and protocols has been surveyed for the analysis of energy hole problem and design of energy efficient. Finally comparative measures of each method are presented which provides the significance and limitations of each method or protocol in terms of performance measures in Wireless sensor network (WSN).

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