Assessment of antioxidant, antibacterial and phytochemical analysis of peel of Citrus sinensis
Journal Title: Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2015, Vol 28, Issue 1
Abstract
Antibacterial effect of Citrus sinensis peel extracts was evaluated against several pathogenic bacteria associated with human and fish infections viz., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Serratia marcesnces, Shigella flexneri, Enterobacter amnigenus, Salmonella Typhimurium and Serratia odorifera. Methanol, ethanol, chloroform and diethyl ether solvents were used for extraction. In vitro antibacterial activity was analyzed by agar well and agar disc diffusion methods. It was found that ethanol extract showed highly significant inhibition of E. coli and K. pneumonia (12.6±0.94 mm and 11.6±1.2 mm) whereas methanol extract of C. sinensis also showed high zone of inhibition of S. odorifera (10.0±2.16 mm). The potential activity of active extracts was assessed and also compared with standard antibiotics through activity index formulation. The order of antioxidant activity through ABTS•+ and DPPH free radical scavenging activity was ethanol>methanol>chloroform>diethyl ether. Phytochemical screening of all solvents had determined the presence of terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, glycosides and flavonoids. It was also found that Chloroform/Methanol (5:5) and Butanol/Ethanol/Water (4:1:2.2) solvent systems showed significant separation of active phytochemical constituents. These findings reveal the potential use of C. sinensis peel to treat infectious diseases, which are being caused by microorganisms.
Authors and Affiliations
Basharat Mehmood , Kamran Khurshid Dar , Shaukat Ali , Uzma Azeem Awan , Abdul Qayyum Nayyer , Tahseen Ghous , Saiqa Andleeb
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP94795
- DOI -
- Views 81
- Downloads 0
Simple and effective HPLC method development and its validation for clindipine in human drug free plasma
Simple and effective high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for estimation of Clindipine in drug free human drug free blank plasma. The internal standard used as Nifidipine (IS). The cu...
Effect of incubating egg exposure to magnetic field on the biophysical blood properties of newly-hatched chicks
Due to widespread of human exposure to electromagnetic fields, there has been increasing public concern about the potential health risks from low-frequency electromagnetic fields; ELF-EMF. The magnetic fields (MFs...
Web-based e-learning and virtual lab of human-artificial immune system
Human immune system is as important in keeping the body healthy as the brain in supporting the intelligence. However, the traditional models of the human immune system are built on the mathematics equations, which...
Comparative research for the dietary pattern of patients with esophageal cancer at different developing stages and the daily intake of vitamin A, E and Beta-carotene
This paper discusses the different stages of normal esophageal’s developing to esophageal cancer, and the difference among dietary patterns of patients with esophageal cancer and acceptable daily intake of vitamin...
3-[(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methyl]quinazolin-4(3H)-ones as potential larvicidal agents
The larvicidal effect of series of 3-[(2-chloroquinolin-3-yl)methyl] uinazolin-4(3H)-ones, 5a-e, against Chironomus tentans Fabricius has been investigated. The results showed that tested compounds demonstrated str...