GASTROINTESTINAL MALIGNANCIES: GETTING A DECADE YOUNGER?
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 25
Abstract
[b]INTRODUCTION: [/b] Gastrointestinal malignancies are one of the most common malignancies encountered frequently, with rising incidence in young age due to the changing lifestyle and food habits in India. Oesophagus, stomach and colonic cancers are the commonly affected regions of the GI tract. These malignancies is known to occur in older age of fifth decade onwards. This is a study intended to highlight the rising incidence of such malignancies in the younger age in second to third decade as observed in and around Mangalore. Upper gastrointestinal malignancies are common in oesophagus and stomach, whereas lower gastrointestinal malignancies occur more commonly seen in colon. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common of all familial malignancies with peak incidence in 60 to 70 years of age, 90% of cases occur in people aged 50 or older.Risk factors include a genetic predisposition, diet and lifestyle changes in the current era. Inheritance plays a role in the pathogenesis of upto a third of CRC cases. [b]AIMS AND OBJECTIVE:[/b] To study the prevalence of gastrointestinal malignancies in patients less than fifty years and the association of positive family history and polyps with colorectal carcinomas. [b]MATERIAL AND METHODS[/b]: This is a retrospective study of 128 cases of gastrointestinal malignancies from June 2010 to May 2012 received in and around Mangalore. The study includes endoscopic biopsies, colonoscopic biopsies partial and total colectomy specimens with growth seen anywhere from oesophagus to rectum. Representative sections are taken, processed routinely and stained with H & E. The pathological findings are then correlated with clinical data like age and sex distribution, site, family history and presence of other malignancies. [b]RESULTS[/b]: In this study gastrointestinal malignancies were studied as upper and lower gastrointestinal lesions. Upper gastrointestinal (GI) lesions were those in oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum. A total of 128 cases were studied with 98 cases in upper GI and 30 cases in lower GI. Out of the 98 upper GI malignancies, 36 were from oesophagus, 57 were from stomach and 5 were from the duodenum. Out of the 36 oesophageal malignancies, 13(36%) were in patients less than fifty years of age. However the gastric carcinomas were more in patients over fifty years. Colorectal malignancies were higher in <50 years age group i.e. 15 out of 30 cases (50%). CRC in the present study has male: female ratio of 1: 1.5.26% of carcinoma in young shows positive family history. 3 out of 15 (20%) carcinoma in young show polyps. Incidence of familial carcinoma is higher between 20- 40 years of age. Out of 4 cases with positive family history, one is FAP (familial adenomatous polyposis) and 2 are Lynch syndrome with second malignancies in ovaries
Authors and Affiliations
Sushmitha M. G, Sandhya I, Gowri Metkar, Aravind P, Zulfikar Ahmed, Vinitha , Shreya Hegde
Keywords
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- EP ID EP122739
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2014/2861
- Views 97
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