In vitro antibacterial potential of chitosan and its derivatives on pathogenic enterobacteriaceae
Journal Title: National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology - Year 2015, Vol 5, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Chitosan (deacetylated chitin) and its derivatives, which are known to possess pharmaceutical and biomedical properties, have gained considerable attention in the biomedical field. The nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable nature of chitosan makes it possible to use it for therapeutic purpose. It exhibits antibacterial effect on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell wall types of bacteria and so-called “antimicrobial polysaccharide.” Aims and Objective: To study the antibacterial activities of native chitosan and its derivatives against three Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus spp.). Materials and Methods: Bactericidal activity of native chitosan, chitosan hydrolysates obtained by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lysozyme degradation, chitosan–zinc (Zn) complex, and glucosamine hydrochloride was tested against ATCC strains of E. coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus spp. and clinical isolates of E. coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus spp. procured from a clinical diagnostic laboratory. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software, version 20. Results: Both chitosan and its derivatives markedly inhibited the growth of most bacteria tested; however, the effects differed with regard to the type of the bacterium. The minimum inhibitory concentration for E. coli ATCC strain was 50 µg and its bactericidal activity was dose dependent. Chitosan hydrolysates also exhibited an inhibitory effect, although differences were seen among strains. Degrades from H2O2 had higher activity than native chitosan. Lysozyme-degraded chitosan had less activity compared to hydrolysates obtained from H2O2 hydrolysis. Chitosan–Zn complex also showed wide spectrum of antimicrobial activities against all the microorganisms tested and the effects were found to increase with increasing chelate ratios. No antibacterial effect was observed in the case of monomer glucosamine hydrochloride, showing that only oligomers have bactericidal effect. Conclusion: The antibacterial potential of chitosan and its derivatives is considerable and its prospect to be developed as a chemotherapeutic agent is high.
Authors and Affiliations
Sony Paul, Seema NP
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP96166
- DOI 10.5455/njppp.2015.5.161020141
- Views 76
- Downloads 0
Effect of glycemic control on short‑term memory in Type 2 diabetics
Background: The increase in diabetes among the elderly is of concern because in addition to the wide range of traditional diabetes complications, evidence has been growing that diabetes is associated with memory decline....
Comparative study of safety and efficacy of omeprazole, lansoprazole, and rabeprazole in triple therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori in peptic ulcer patients in Indian population
Background: Triple therapy which includes a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) along with two antimicrobials is routinely used for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Multiple regimens are reported using different combinati...
An assessment of adverse reactions to antiretroviral therapy in a South Indian government hospital
Background: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) can lead to non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and are also the major causes of hospitalization and higher cost of treatment. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this stu...
Effect of non-absorbable antibiotic, rifaximin in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A single-center randomized controlled study
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), most common functional bowel disease, does not have a definite treatment. Studies revealed the involvement of bacterial overgrowth for its pathology. The aim of this study is t...
Comparative study of variations in blood pressure and heart rate among normotensive patients and hypertensive patients receiving angiotensin receptor blockers during surgery under spinal anesthesia
Background: Hypotension is the most common complication associated with spinal anesthesia and more common in patients with a history of hypertension. Regular use of antihypertensive medications can prevent this effect. H...