Morphological characterization of Brazilian organ clays using AFM and SEM studies
Journal Title: International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) - Year 2013, Vol 3, Issue 3
Abstract
ABSTRACT: A combination of SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) techniques was used to characterise the morphology of Brazilian montmorillonites before and after intercalation of some organic compounds. AFM revealed that the layers are staked over above the others. The surface of the particles consisted of layers bounded with smooth flat basal planes and larger edges ending in some cascade-like steps 184 µm wide. Some micro and macro valleys (0.6 µm deep) are distributed throughout the whole area and irregularities on basal planes may be attributed to the crystallographic conditions of the genesis of these Brazilian montmorillonites. The mapping performed over 20 x 40 areas showed adhesion forces of 11 nN magnitude on bare clay mineral in the Na+ form and 40 nN for the calcium form. Forces between 10 and 6 nN were found after organic intercalation. In general, the intercalation caused significant changes in the surface properties of clay mineral. The combination of AFM and SEM studies provided evidence about the poorl crystallinity of the Brazilian montmorillonites
Authors and Affiliations
A. Tejedor De León
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP109367
- DOI -
- Views 135
- Downloads 0
Simulation of Direct Torque Control of Induction motor using Space Vector Modulation Methodology
This paper presents simulation of Direct Torque Control (DTC) of Induction Motor using Space Vector Modulation (SVM). Direct Torque Control is a control strategy used for high performance torque control of Induc...
Design And Analysis Of Precast Load Bearing Walls For Multi Storey Building Using Etabs
In the present scenario of construction industry, time of construction is very crucial factor. Pre-cast construction is gaining significance in general and urban areas in particular. The precast technology is a via...
Tracking of Maximum Power from Wind Using Fuzzy Logic Controller Based On PMSG
Wind energy has gained a growing worldwide interest due to the nonstop rise in fuel cost. The main aim of the wind-energy system is to extract the maximum power present in the wind stream. In order to extract the highest...
Comparison of Histogram Equalization Techniques for Image Enhancement of Grayscale images of Dawn and Dusk
Various enhancement schemes are used for enhancing an image which includes gray scale manipulation, filtering and Histogram Equalization (HE). Histogram equalization is one of the well known image enhancement becam...
Alternatives for Cellulase Production in Submerged Fermentation with Agroindustrial Wastes
This article presents a review of the alternatives for cellulase production in submerged fermentation using agroindustrial residues as carbon sources. Among the wastes that are cited, the residue of grapes shows...