Performance and combining ability for grain yield and quality traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) F1 diallel crosses under low-N and high-N environments
Journal Title: Scientia Agriculturae - Year 2015, Vol 12, Issue 1
Abstract
Improving grain yield and quality under low-N has been a desirable goal of wheat breeders. This study aimed at investigating the per se performance of grain yield and quality traits and the relative importance of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability in a set of wheat cultivars and promising lines and their F1 diallel crosses. Parents (6) and F1's (15) were evaluated in two seasons in two separate experiments using randomized complete block design with three replications; each experiment under one level of N ( 0 or 75 kg N/fed). The rank of crosses in F1 generation for most studied traits was changed from one environment (N-level) to another, indicating a significant G x N interaction. In general, means of grain yield/plant (GYPP), grains/spike (GPS), 100-grain weight (100GW) and spikes/plant (SPP) of the three parents L25 , L26 and L27 were higher in magnitude than those of the three other parents Gem 7, Gem 9 and Giza 168 under both high-N and low-N levels. Some genotypes had high grain yield and at the same time had high grain protein content under low-N, such as L26 and L26 x L27. Mean squares due to GCA and SCA were highly significant, for all studied traits, but the magnitude of GCA was higher than SCA, for all studied traits under the two levels of N, except for 100Gw and grain protein content (GPC) under low-N, indicating more importance of additive than non-additive variance in controlling most studied traits. In general, the best general combiners for grain yield and quality attributes were L26 followed by L27 and L25 parents under both high-N and low-N. For SCA effects, the best F1's under high-N were not the same under low-N. Under low–N conditions, the best cross was Gem7 x Gem 9 followed by Gem9 x Gz168 and L25 x Gz168. The study concluded that under both high-N and low-N, the mean performance of a given parent could be considered an indication of its general combining ability effects and under under high-N only, the mean performance of a given F1 cross could be considered as an indication of its specific combining ability.
Authors and Affiliations
A. M. M Al-Naggar, R Shabana, M. M Abd El-Aleem, Zainab A El-Rashidy
Keywords
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- EP ID EP111875
- DOI 10.15192/PSCP.SA.2015.12.1.1322
- Views 140
- Downloads 0
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