Plasma cell leukemia - A comprehensive analysis of clinical & pathological features of 7 cases
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare, yet aggressive plasma cell (PC) neoplasm, variant of multiple myeloma (MM), characterized by high levels of PCs circulating in the peripheral blood. PCL can either originate de novo (primary PCL) or as a secondary leukemic transformation of MM (secondary PCL) and is characterized by circulating PCs >2×109/L in peripheral blood and a peripheral blood plasmacytosis >20%. Aims & Objective: Present study was undertaken to analyze the main clinical & pathological features of PCL. For diagnostic purpose the morphological appearances and confirmation by immunophenotyping are emphasized rather than more sophisticated testing methods that may not be widely available. Material and Methods: A descriptive study was carried out in the department of Pathology, in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Ahmedabad, India during year 2009-2013. We investigated the important clinical characteristics, pathological, biochemical & radiological features, immunophenotype, & prognostic factors of 7 patients of PCL. Results: Common clinical features at diagnosis were anaemia, renal insufficiency, bone pain, splenomegaly or hepatomegaly. Anaemia, leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia & plasmacytosis were seen in peripheral blood. Plasma cell marker - CD 38 & CD 138 were expressed in all cases. Serum β2-microglobulin, serum LDH were increased & serum albumin was decreased in all 7 cases & were associated with poor prognosis. The median survival time from diagnosis was 9 months. Conclusion: Plasma cells have characteristic morphological features which can be easily identified on peripheral blood & bone marrow examination.CD 38 & CD 138 are excellent plasma cell markers. Increased serum β2-microglobulin & serum LDH & decreased serum albumin are potent poor prognosis factors. PCL is aggressive neoplasm with poor response to chemotherapy & low median survival time from diagnosis
Authors and Affiliations
Mital Chokshi, Shakera Baji, Archit Gandhi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP148415
- DOI 10.5455/ijmsph.2013.220820132
- Views 72
- Downloads 0
Profile of tricuspid valve diseases in a tertiary-care center in Kolkata
Background: Tricuspid valve disease (TVD) usually remains a less-discussed subject among cardiovascular diseases, but there is significant morbidity and mortality observed with TVD. Limited studies are available in o...
Prevalence of water borne diseases and wash practices in rural and urban population of Chennai
Background: Poor water and sanitation facilities unequally affect women and girls. More than 30% of marginalized women are violently assaulted every year as the lack of basic sanitation forces them to travel long distanc...
Childhood obesity prevalence among primary schoolboys at Al-Iskan sector, Holy Makkah, Saudi Arabia
Background: Obesity is one of the most common disorders encountered in clinical practice and has major public health implications. The high prevalence of overweight and obesity among Saudi school children is...
Knowledge and risk perception regarding HIV among healthcare workers in a medical college hospital
Background: Ever since HIV was first identified in India among sex workers in Chennai during 1986, HIV infections have been reported in all states and territories. The knowledge and attitudes of healthcare workers...
Morbidity profile of neonates and biological factors associated with it among admitted newborn babies at tertiary care institute, Jamnagar
Background: India is still among the high infant mortality rate countries and two third of the infant deaths occur during neonatal period. Neonatal mortality rates have reduced much less than postneonatal death. Morbidit...