QUALITATIVE STUDIES ON THE PRODUCTION OF STEVIOSIDE IN IN VITRO CALLUS CULTURE OF STEVIA REBAUDIANA BERTONI
Journal Title: Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii Alexandru Ioan Cuza din Iasi, Serie noua, Sectiunea II a. Biologie vegetala - Year 2005, Vol 51, Issue 0
Abstract
Stevioside is a glycoside of the diterpene derivatives of steviol. Steviol glycosides are natural constituents of the plant Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni belonging to the Compositae family. The leaves of S. rebaudiana contain eight different steviol glycosides. The major constituent stevioside, is present in dry leaves to the tune of 5 to 10%. Stevioside has a sweetening potency of 250 to 300 times that of sucrose. The cultivation of Stevia rebaudiana by seeds is not adequate because of poor germination and random variation in the content of stevioside due to genetic variability in plants. Therefore, efforts were made to standardize the media requirements including the level of growth regulators to obtain optimum callus production which can then be used as the source material for extraction of stevioside. Leaf explants with slight nodal portion from in vitro raised plantlets inoculated on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l-1 NAA and 0.3 mg l-1 BA gave early initiation (12 to 14 days) of callus as well as maximum amount of callus. The callus on subculturing on the same medium multiplied and recorded maximum growth. The presence of stevioside in callus was evaluated using Thin Layer Chromatography and this found to be positive.
Authors and Affiliations
R. JADEJA, M. TADHANI, S. REMA, L. PAREKH
Keywords
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