NEUROCOGNITIVE DEFICIT IN BIPOLAR I DISORDER PATIENTS CURRENTLY IN EUTHYMIC STATE, THEIR UNAFFECTED FIRST DEGREE RELATIVE AND HEALTHY CONTROL GROUP- A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Journal Title: Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare - Year 2019, Vol 6, Issue 35
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurocognitive dysfunctions particularly executive functioning, attention, processing speed, verbal learning and declarative memory are key aspects of Bipolar disorder, as they occur in all the phases of the illness, across all neuropsychological domains, even during remission of symptoms. In our study, we compared the frequency and types of neurocognitive deficits and factors influencing them in individuals with Bipolar I disorder, their first-degree unaffected relatives and healthy controls. METHODS It was a cross sectional, case control, comparative, study with 50 samples in each of the three groups. Diagnosis of Bipolar disorder I was made following DSM IV TR criteria and current euthymic state was established by applying YMRS and HDRS scale. Neurocognitive performance was assessed on MMSE, frontal assessment battery, trail making test A and B. Statistical tests used were chi square test, ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation using SPSS 20 software. RESULTS Age (early onset), duration of illness, total number of episodes and number of manic episodes worsen the neurocognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS First degree unaffected relatives of Bipolar I disorder patients had impairment in psychomotor speed and executive functioning with alternating attention suggesting, these may be valid endophenotypic traits of bipolar disorder. Euthymic Bipolar I patients had significant frontal dysfunction and impairment in psychomotor speed, visual conceptualization and visuomotor tracking. Neurocognitive deficits in the euthymic Bipolar I patients and their first-degree unaffected relatives may be of different nature, more global in patients while more specific in relatives. Neuropsychological deficits in remission period impair socio-occupational functions which lead to poor compliance and more relapses. This highlights the need of routine assessment and early interventions even in euthymic stage. Cognitive impairment in unaffected first-degree relatives warrants periodic neurocognitive testing, psycho education and early medical intervention if required.
Authors and Affiliations
Vikash Dixit, Pradeep Kumar Yadav
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP670590
- DOI 10.18410/jebmh/2019/492
- Views 89
- Downloads 0
THE SPECTRUM OF INFLAMMATORY DEMYELINATING DISEASES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
INTRODUCTION Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IIDDs) are rare neurological diseases. Their features differ from region to region. We characterize features of these diseases in Chittor. METHODS We describe...
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BURNOUT AND STRESS AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS OF UNDERGRADUATE SCHOOL AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS
BACKGROUND Medical undergraduate training is long and emotionally taxing. Several studies have revealed high rates of psychological morbidity in medical students at various stages of their training. We wanted to determin...
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS- AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN WESTERN ODISHA
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) also known as atopic eczema, is an allergic condition with hereditary predisposition. It mostly presents with intensely itchy skin, raised, splotchy lesions anywhere throughout the body....
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TEMPORAL VERSUS SUPERIOR SCLERAL INCISION IN MANUAL SMALL INCISION CATARACT SURGERY
BACKGROUND Cataract surgery has become one of the most common and successful procedures in ophthalmology. Cataract surgery is no more a blind rehabilitation surgery. Good post-operative vision is considered norm. Surgica...
PICKY EATING CHILDREN: HOW TO GUIDE PARENTS
Children with picky eating habits draw parents to the clinic. The cause of picky eating may be owing to an underlying disease condition or may just be a passing phase in the life of the child. Except for transient nutrit...