New Discoveries at Tell el-Farkha and the Beginnings of the Egyptian State
Journal Title: Études et Travaux (Institut des Cultures Méditerranéennes et Orientales de l’Académie Polonaise des Sciences) - Year 2017, Vol 0, Issue
Abstract
Tell el-Farkha was an important centre already in Predynastic times, when a great Lower Egyptian culture complex was erected on the Central Kom. Items found inside confirmed both the significant role played by the local elite and its relationship with the Levant and Upper Egypt. The first large Naqadian building was erected outside the town centre. This building and the whole settlement were destroyed (Naqada IIIA1) by the next group of Naqadians, probably connected with another political centre. They were the constructors of the oldest Egyptian mastaba. During the reign of Iry-Hor (middle of Naqada IIIB), the third group of Naqadians appeared at the site. The period between Naqada IIIA and middle of IIIB phase seems to have been a period of competition between the most influential Naqadian proto-kingdoms. In the middle of the First Dynasty, Tell el-Farkha changed its role: from the capital of a part of the Eastern Delta to a provincial town of only economic significance.
Authors and Affiliations
Krzysztof M. Ciałowicz
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP265989
- DOI 10.12775/EtudTrav.30.011
- Views 74
- Downloads 0
Petempamentes, Petensetis, Petensenis – Their Portraits on Elephantine
The article is a publication of the decoration fragment coming from an unknown sacral building from Elephantine. The scene preserved in the lower register represents Ptolemy VI Philometor making and offering to Petempame...
Architectural Studies of the Fortresses in the Third Cataract and Southern Dongola Reach Region
Architectural research within the area of the Third Cataract was conducted as a part of the rescue survey project the erection of a new dam on the Nile. The research concentrated on two fortresses situated on the left ba...
‘A Temple Comes to Being’. A Few Comments on the Temple Foundation Ritual
Building a temple in Ancient Egypt began with the Foundation Ritual and ended with the consecration of the completed monument to its gods. The moment when the temple was ready for its cultic functions is by a majority of...
Scapulae – Kultgeräte, Werkzeuge oder Votivgaben?
The paper attempts to show the chronology, regional distribution and function of notched animal scapulae (shoulder blades). Before the Iron Age, notched animal scapulae appear only sporadically in the southern Levant: in...
Une grande reine et deesse
During the research led by the European Institute for Underwater Archaeology at Heracleion a huge statue of black diorite was found on the site of the Temple. Preserved in four parts, the sculpture is nearly complete (2....