Nitric Oxide: It’s Role in Immunity
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2018, Vol 12, Issue 7
Abstract
Nitric Oxide (NO), a lipophilic gas synthesised by the enzyme Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) from the substrate arginine, is an important biomolecule that mediates cellular signaling. It has a wide spectrum of biological functions including immunomodulation, inflammation, microbial and tumour eradication. Cells of the immune system such as macrophages on activation by cytokines and microbial antigens eradicate a number of microbes or parasites as well as tumour cells by releasing a number of effector molecules which also includes NO. However, this versatile molecule is shown to have dual roles. In lower concentration, this is beneficial and regulates the physiological processes in the body whereas at higher concentrations it is harmful, not only to the microbes or tumor cells but can produce undesirable effects on the host cells too. This suggests that NO has both protective and toxic roles that occur parallel in the body depending upon cellular microenvironment. Therefore, it is very essential to have the knowledge of the physiological processes involved in signaling cascades of NO since it might have novel clinical applications when therapeutic potential of NOS inhibitors and NO donors are to be considered.
Authors and Affiliations
Shailaza Shreshtha, Preeti Sharma, Pradeep Kumar, Rachna Sharma, SP Singh
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP522711
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2018/31817.11764
- Views 58
- Downloads 0
Tuberculoma Versus Neurocysticercosis: Can Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Diffusion Weighted Imaging Solve the Diagnostic Conundrum?
ABSTRACT Introduction: Tuberculoma and Neurocysticercosis (NCC) are the two most common infectious causes of intracranial ring enhancing lesions seen on CT and MRI in developing countries. They share common clinical and...
Evaluation of Micronucleus and Associated Abnormalities in Buccal Cells Post CT Scan Exposure- An Observational Study
ABSTRACT Introduction: Dental diagnostic radiation is reported to cause significant damage in buccal cells while, the same effects due to Computed Tomography (CT) scans have not been routinely cited in literature. The bu...
Acquired Inhibitor of Factor VIII Presenting as Delayed Wound Healing
Acquired coagulation factor VIII inhibitor leads to a rare disease i.e., acquired haemophilia which is idiopathic in majority of cases and is seen with autoimmune diseases, haematologic and solid tumours, infections, in...
Rigid Bronchoscopy and Jet Ventilation in Foreign Body Aspiration in A Two-Year-Old Female: A Case Report
ABSTRACT Foreign body aspiration is a leading cause of mortality in children of age group 1-3 years and presents significant challenges to the anaesthesiologist in maintaining oxygenation and ventilation while there is i...
Comparative Study for Detection of Carbapenemase Producers among Non-fermenting Gram Negative Uropathogens with Special Reference to Risk Factors and Fosfomycin Susceptibility
ABSTRACT Introduction: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are among the commonest type of bacterial infections. Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli (NFGNB) are now emerging as important uropathogens. Accurate detection of...