Novel insights into identifiation of shedders and transmitters of avian leukosis virus
Journal Title: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease - Year 2015, Vol 5, Issue 0
Abstract
Avian leukosis virus (ALV) infection is one of the most common infections in domestic poultry. Even though loss due to mortality is only 1%-2%, it causes drastic decline in production because of subclinical infections. Exogenous ALV infected birds follow a complex pattern of transmission. Transmission is strongly related to immune status of the birds against ALV. Based on the ability to transmit ALV, infected birds can be classified to either shedders or transmitters. The knowledge on shedders and transmitters of exogenous ALV will facilitate in implementing an effective strategy to eliminate ALV. Identification of these shedders and transmitters is of absolute necessity at breeding stock to achieve ALV free status. Presently group-specific antigen used based ELISA cannot differentiate endogenous and exogenous ALV infections. Advances in molecular diagnosis make better differentiation of various subgroups and few tests like loop mediated isothermal amplification, can be used as pen-side tests. Besides this identification of infection, selection of genetically resistant strains of birds to ALV also holds a key role in elimination of ALV. Thus, combination of different strategies in the breeding programs may facilitate eradication of ALV infection. Here in this review, we have discussed about biology of ALV shedders and transmitters, with reference to eradication programs.
Clinicopathological presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis and its diagnostic algorithm
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is transmitted by bite of Phlebotomus sand fly. Incidence of disease has been rising in the areas of world where there is conflict which favors disease spread. Disease is endemic in some areas of...
Evaluation of hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Clitoria ternatea (Linn.) flower against acetaminophen-induced liver damage
Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Clitoria ternatea (C. ternatea) flower extract against acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity. Methods: The antioxidant property of C. ternatea flower...
Correlation between climate variations and rotavirus diarrhea in under-fie children in Bandung
Objective: To find correlations between climate variations (temperature, rainfall, humidity, and wind speed) and the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea, particularly evinced by hospital admission. Methods: Stool specimens...
Medicinal plants and their derivatives with amyloid beta inhibitory activity as potential targets for drug discovery
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the elderly population. Its management has been a long-standing challenge and area of interest. One of the pathological features...
Free-radical scavenging activity and bioactive secondary metabolites from various extracts of Glinus oppositifolius (L.) Aug. DC. (Molluginaceae) roots, stems and leaves
Objective: To evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of Glinus oppositifolius (G. oppositifolius) and to determine the presence of phytochemical constituents in ethanol, methanol and chloroform extracts of the roots,...