Nutrition in children 1-5 years of age in Bulgaria - MIcronutrient INTAKE
Journal Title: Българско списание за обществено здраве (Bulgarian Journal of Public Health) - Year 2010, Vol 0, Issue 4
Abstract
Nationally representative study of nutrition of children 1-5 years of age is prerequisite for assessment of nutritional status, identification of developmental risk factors and elaboration of nutrition policy. Studies conducted up to now on children in this age group have established risks for micronutrient deficiencies. Aim: To establish the intake of some vitamins and minerals in children aged 1 to 5 years in Bulgaria as a component of a large-scale study on nutrition.. Methods: A cross-sectional and retrospective study of nutrition and nutritional status of healthy children aged 1 to 5 years has been conducted at the national level over the period from April to October 2007. The sample of 2127 children is representative for Bulgaria and includes 1059 female and 1068 male children. The data received were generated by an active interview of the mother. The nutrition of children was examined by 24-h dietary recall method. The dietary intake of children was assessed in two non-consecutive days – 1 working and 1 off-day of the week. Specialized computer software transforming food consumption into micronutrient intake was applied. The statistical data analyses were performed by SPSS version 15.0. Results: Children aged 1 to 5 years were at risk of deficiencies of thiamine, vitamin B12, folate and iron. The proportion of children with folate intake below the average daily requirements was high for both children aged 1-2 years, 72.2%, and those aged of 3-4 years – 78.6%. The average daily sodium intake was higher than the adequate intake by 40.0% in children aged 1-2 years and by 52.5% in children aged 3-4 years. In children aged 3-4 years was revealed an additional risk of inadequate calcium intake. Conclusion: The provision of nationally representative data on the dietary intake of essential vitamins and minerals among children aged 1- 5 years is a reliable scientific basis and a prerequisite for developing a National Health and Nutrition Policy and adequate intervention strategies.
Authors and Affiliations
Stefka Petrova, Lalka Rangelova, Veselka Duleva, Dora Ovcharova
Keywords
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