Observations sur l’industrie en obsidienne découverte à Șoimuș – La Avicola (Ferma 2)
Journal Title: MATERIALE SI CERCETARI ARHEOLOGICE - Year 2016, Vol 0, Issue 0
Abstract
Rescue excavations in 2011 on the Deva‐Orăștie section of the A1 motorway brought to light a Turdaș‐type Neolithic site, with two occupation horizons. The first was characterized by sunken huts, and the second by surface dwellings that were part of a continuous destruction level comprising burnt daub, hearths, fragments of clay floors with an underlay of river boulders, postholes, and a very rich archaeological assemblage (including pottery, bones and lithics). The archaeological finds from the site are quite varied, comprising coarse and fine pottery, anthropomorphic and zoomorphic figurines, lithics and worked bone. Among the lithic industry, 25.45% is represented by obsidian artefacts, making this the largest such assemblage from a Romanian Neolithic site. Artefacts were produced using simple blade, bladelet or flake technique. Tools, which are quite varied, represent 15% of the assemblage. pXRF analysis of obsidian artefacts from the site shows that the obsidian originated in the Carpathian 1 source area in southeast Slovakia. Săpăturile preventive întreprinse în 2011 pe tronsonul Deva‐Orăștie au scos la lumină un sit neolitic de tip Turdaș, cu două faze de locuire. Prima corespunde unei aşezări cu bordeie, iar a doua fază de locuire corespunde unor construcţii de suprafaţă, aici fiind identificat un nivel de distrugere consistent format din chirpici ars, vetre, fragmente de podele din lut cu substrucţie formată din pietriş de râu, gropi de par şi un material arheologic foarte bogat (ceramică, oase, material litic). Materialul arheologic descoperit este variat: ceramică grosieră și fină, figurine antropomorfe și zoomorfe, piese litice, oase prelucrate etc. În cadrul industriei litice, o pondere de 25,45% o reprezintă piesele din obsidian, ele fiind până în momentul de față cea mai importantă industrie de acest tip descoperită în așezările neolitice din România. Este o producție simplă de lame/ lamele și de așchii. Uneltele, destul de variate, reprezintă 15% din eșantion. Analizele de tip pXRF efectuate pe artefactele din obsidian au arătat că aprovizionarea se făcea din sud‐estul Slovaciei (Carpathian 1).
Authors and Affiliations
Roxana Dobrescu, Cristian Eduard Ștefan, Clive Bonsall
Keywords
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