Pacifier and bottle nipples: the targets for poor breastfeeding outcomes
Journal Title: Jornal de Pediatria - Year 2018, Vol 94, Issue 6
Abstract
The act of feeding an infant is extremely complex. Feeding requires the infant to coordinate five cranial nerves, multiple spinal segments in the chest wall, and 30 pairs of muscles across several physiological systems (oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal, and respiratory).1,2 In addition, successful feeding is dependent on optimal infant state and positive caregiver interactions. Recently, Goldfield, Perez, and Engsteler described newborn feeding as a complex dynamical system given all the critical components it entails.3 This complex dynamic system is especially at play during the most challenging of the infant feeding tasks, breastfeeding.
Authors and Affiliations
Emily Zimmerman
Keywords
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- EP ID EP492952
- DOI 10.1016/j.jped.2018.02.001
- Views 61
- Downloads 0
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