PAP SMEAR And Its Histopathological Correlation For Early Detection Of Carcinoma Of Cervix
Journal Title: National Journal of Medical and Dental Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Vaginal cytology is a practical method for early detection of dysplasia and malignancy and therefore it should be established as a routine diagnostic aid in the Gynaecological outpatient department. The value of cytology smear is undisputed today. The facilities for cytology being limited in our country, it should be used for screening high risk groups rather than for mass screening. This study aimed to know the incidence of carcinoma cervix in and around Chhindwara, to reduce the morbidity and mortality due to carcinoma cervix by early diagnosis and treatment in the precancerous stage and to evaluate the efficiency of cytology by its correlation with Histopathology. MATERIAL & METHOD: This is a prospective study performed in the District Hospital Chhindwara for a period of three years from 2015-2017. The study group comprises of women >25 years of age attending the Gynaecological Out Patient Department with various complaints. After taking detailed clinical history Pap smears were collected by Ayre’s Spatula which were stained by Papanicolaou stain at pathology Laboratory and reported according to the Bethesda System. Lastly all suspicious smears were correlated by Histopathology. RESULTS: Out of 500 smears 25 smears were found to be abnormal. Sensitivity of Pap Smear was 61.5 % and Specificity was 96.5%.Incidence of Low grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion(LSIL) was 3.4 % , High grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (HSIL) was 1.6 %, and Squamous Cell Carcinoma(SCC) 0.4%.There were 25 cases of dysplasia (LSIL+HSIL) out of which 22 were proved to be correlated by biopsy. 2 cases of frank malignancy were also proved to be moderately differentiated epidermoid carcinoma by Histopathology. There is 100% correlation in cases of frank malignancy. Overall correlation of Cytology with Histopathology was 88.8%.CONCLUSION: Vaginal cytology is a practical method for early detection of dysplasia and malignancy and therefore it should be established as a routine diagnostic aid in the Gynecological outpatient department.
Authors and Affiliations
Ranjana Tandekar, Sanjay Totade, R Tandekar, S Moitra
Keywords
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