Pap smear in detection of cervico- vaginal lesions in women: A clinical study
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical and Health Research - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading cancers in women with an estimated 500, 000 new cases every year, of which 80% occur in developing countries. The Pap smear can be used as a screening test. The present study was conducted to analyze cervical Pap smears in women. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in the department of general pathology in year 2014. It included 1540 cervico-vaginal smears. For smear collections, the samples were collected using Ayer's spatula or an endocervical brush. The smears were then fixed in alcohol and stained using the Papanicolaou's technique. All smears were reported using modified Bethesda System. The epithelial abnormalities were classified as atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance (ASCUS), low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), non-neoplastic intraepithelial lesion (NILM), high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Results: Among 1540 Pap smears, 32 were unsatisfactory, 1463 (95%) were NILM, 35 were LSIL, 5 were HSIL, 3 were SCC and 2 were ASCUS. The difference was significant (0.01). 2 cases of LSIL and 1 case of HSIL was seen in age group 31-40 years. 4 cases of LSIL and 1 case of HSIL was seen in age group 41-50 years, 25 cases of LSIL, 2 cases of HSIL, 1 case each of ASCUS and SCC was seen in age group 51-60 years, 3 cases of LSIL, 1 case each HSIL and SCC was seen in age group 61-70 years, I case each ASCUS, LSIL and SCC was seen in age group 71-80 years. The difference was significant (P- 0.02). Among NSIL, various changes were atrophy (125), non-specific inflammation trichomoniasis (2), candidiasis (8), reactive (12), no other changes (1210) and bacterial vaginosis (31). The difference was significant (P- 0.04). Higher prevalence of LSIL (6.36%) was reported by Banik U. In our study, 2.39% was reported. Deshou H reported 2.3% of ASCUS, whereas we recorded, 0.13%. Fonn S recorded 1.8% of HSIL, whereas 0.34% was seen in our study. Fonn S reported 0.47% of SCC and in our study, it was 0.2%. Conclusion: Cervical cancer is one of the cause of death in women. Pap smear plays an important role in early detection of lesions. It is economical and non-sophisticated procedure.
Authors and Affiliations
Dushyant Sharma, Shashi Upreti
Keywords
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