PARASITAEMIA REDUCTION AND MODERATELY IMPROVED HAEMATOLOGICAL INDICES POTENTIALS OF HIPPOCRATEA AFRICANA ROOT BARK EXTRACT IN PLASMODIUM BERGHEIBERGHEI INFECTED MICE
Journal Title: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 7
Abstract
The effect of Hippocratea africana root bark extract on parasitemia concentration and haematological indices of Plasmodium bergheiberghei induced mice was investigated. Thirty-five albino mice weighing between 17g to 29g were divided into 7 groups with 5 mice in each group. Group 1 served as normal control while Groups 2 – 7 were parasitized with P. berghei-berghei obtained from a donor mouse with a parasitaemia of 5 x 107. Group 2 served as infected control while Groups 3, 4 and 5 were orally administered 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 300mg/kg of H. africana respectively daily for 4 days. Groups 6 and 7 received therapeutic doses of chloroquine and artesunate respectively. There was significant reduction in the parasitaemia of the extract treated groups, with 200mg/kg of H. africana showing the highest clearance of 89.8%. Artesunate showed 100% clearance being the standard drug for malaria treatment. Haematological indices of plasmodium infected mice were severely altered before treatments compared with the normal control. The results of the study showed that WBC counts in the extract treated groups increased non-significant (p > 0.05) except in Group 5 compared with Group 2. Non-significant (p > 0.05) increase in RBC counts, HGB concentration and HCT levels were observed in the extract treated group compared with parasitized untreated Group 2. MCH and MCHC levels changed non-significantly in the treated groups compared with Group 2 while platelet counts were increased non-significantly in the extract treated groups when compared with the parasitized untreated group. The ethanol extract of root bark of Hippocratea africana has a potent antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei-berghei and does not negatively affect the haematological indices of the infected mice beyond the derangement already induced by the parasite but moderately improves it.
Authors and Affiliations
Jessie Idongesit Ndem
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