Pediatric Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Infection (BCGitis): A Case Report
Journal Title: The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine - Year 2018, Vol 70, Issue 7
Abstract
<strong>Background:</strong> BCG is a live attenuated vaccine. It has been used to prevent tuberculosis since 1921.BCG is widely used, it is estimated that 100 million newborns are receiving it yearly. It also has a low incidence of serious adverse reactions and considered safe. However, few severe complications have been reported despite its wide use.Adverse reactions of BCG vaccination included suppurative lymphadenitis, localized abscess or a combination of both. In addition to them there was disseminated BCG-itis, which is life threatening, but very rare. <strong>Aim of the work:</strong> this study reported a case of a five-month-old child with BCG-itis which presented to us. <strong>Patient and method:</strong> left axillary swelling was increased in size with bloody discharge and associated fever. Family history of IL12 deficiency was also noted. <strong>Results</strong>: diagnosis was made by AFB and PCR. The child responded well to anti-mycobacterial treatment. Because neonatal BCG vaccine is included in many standard vaccination schedules around the world, it is extremely difficult to avoid administering it to infants who might have PID. <strong>Conclusion</strong>: it is important to recognize BCG adverse reactions because they can be the first clue to diagnosing immunodeficiencies. <strong> </strong>
Authors and Affiliations
Eman Helal
Keywords
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