Pelvic Floor Disorders are Associated with Vitamin D Deficiency
Journal Title: Indian Obstetrics & Gynaecology - Year 2016, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: A strong relationship between serum vitamin D concentration and muscle function has been documented in various studies. Vitamin D deficiency can lead to impairment of pelvic floor muscle strength and hence pelvic floor disorders (PFD) i.e. urinary incontinence, faecal incontinence and prolapse symptoms. Objectives: 1) To determine serum vitamin D levels in women with PFD symptoms and healthy controls. 2) To correlate serum vitamin D levels with severity of PFD symptoms, pelvic floor muscle strength and quality of life in patients with PFD. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based case control study conducted on women attending gynaecology OPD. Eighty women were enrolled in our study and comprised of two groups - Group A of 40 patients with PFD symptoms and Group B of 40 healthy subjects. Serum vitamin D estimation, history, clinical examination, and pelvic floor muscle strength by Oxford scale was recorded in all the subjects on a predesigned proforma. Patients in group A were further divided on the basis of vitamin D status as vitamin D sufficient and vitamin D insufficient groups. PFD symptoms severity and its impact on quality of life were recorded on 'Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-Short form 20' (PFDI-SF 20) and 'Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-7' (PFIQ-7) questionnaire respectively in group A. Results: In group A, 90% of patients were vitamin D deficient compared to 57.5% in group B (p = 0.002). Vitamin D level had positive correlation with pelvic floor muscle strength in both group A (p = 0.034, r value=0.336) and group B (p = 0.004, r value = 0.448). Mean PFDI-SF 20 summary score was significantly more in vitamin D insufficient group compared to vitamin D sufficient group. A negative correlation with PFIQ-7 scoring (p = 0.017, r value = - 0.392) and vitamin D was observed, suggesting poor quality of life in vitamin D deficient women. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with pelvic floor disorders, poor pelvic floor muscle strength and quality of life.
Authors and Affiliations
Mamta Gupta, Dr. Kirti Aggarwal, Dr. Sanjay Jain, Dr Vandana Saini, Dr S K Gupta
Keywords
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