Pharmacoepidemiology of Macrovascular and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2018, Vol 17, Issue 1

Abstract

Background Work: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia; is associated with abnormalities in carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism; and results in chronic complications including microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic disorders. Researchers have shown that as a result of these complications, the quality of life (QOL) of patients with type-2 DM is remarkably lower than the QOL of general population and also somewhat lower than patients with other chronic disease. Most complications are preventable and a key strategy is metabolic control through of diet, exercise, and medication Methodology: This study was a prospective observational study which was conducted over a period of one year among type-2 diabetic patients attended at out-patient department of Diabetes Center the patients were reviewed on daily bases those are within the study inclusion criteria enrolled into study. Collected all relevant information from the patient’s case sheets, laboratory reports, patients care taker, treatment charts and other resources.Calculate the prescribed daily dose and compare it with the Defined Daily Dose. Results and Discussion: Out of 509 patients nearly 324 (63.65%) were associated with macrovascular complications like hypertension, Ischemic heart disease and Hyperlipidemia and 185 (36.34%) were associated with microvascular complications like Neuropathy, Nephropathy and Retinopathy. In 186 hypertensive patients a total of 317 antihypertensive drugs were prescribed. The average use of antihypertensive drugs per prescription was 1.70. For Ischemic Heart Disease Aspirin is often given at higher doses than defined dose as well as clopidogrel. PDD:DDD for aspirin and clopidogrel was 1.66 and 1.33 respectively. The average uses of dyslipidemia drugs per prescription were 1.71. In 185 patients a total 248 microvascular complications were identified. Microvascular complications occur due to the damage of small blood vessels. Damage of nerves due to diabetes is known as diabetic neuropathy 122 (65.94%).Nephropathy, where kidney enlarges in size, which follows the increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but as the disease advances it decreases 78 (42.16%).Losartan were given mostly followed by torsemide and Ramipril. In 122 patients with Neuropathy a total of 375 drugs were prescribed, with an average of 3.07 drugs per prescription and are as follows. Conclusion:This study was conducted to decrease prevalence of disease, through creating awareness about drug treatment and diabetic complications.Among the various complications,macrovascular complications caused major threat and among macrovascular complications, Hyperlipidemia and hypertension are major causes.

Authors and Affiliations

Venkateswarlu Konuru1, T. Rama Mohan Reddy2

Keywords

Related Articles

Evaluation of modified triple test in the assessment of palpable breast lumps

To find out the accuracy of the modified triple test in the diagnosis of palpable breast lumps.This was a prospective observational study involving 100 female patients attending surgical out patient department of Coimbat...

Clinical Evaluation of Factors To Predict Successful Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (Vbac) in Cases of Previous one Lower Segment Cesarean Section (Lscs)

The increasing trend of LSCS is a public as well as health professionals concern, out of which repeat LSCS accounts for a major chunk . Our study was designed to evaluate the clinical factors as predictors in successful...

Idiopathic Sclerosing Encapsulating Peritonitis: A case report and review of literature

Idiopathic Sclerosing Encapsulating Peritonitis (Abdominal Cocoon) is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction. We present a case of acute small bowel obstruction in a young male preoperatively diagnosed as Idiopathic Scl...

Dabigatran (Pradaxa) Induced Liver Injury (Case Presentation)

Dabigatran is a novel antithrombin anticoagulant that was approved by the FDA in 2010 to be used for the prevention of stroke and venous embolism in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. In this article, we present...

Evaluation of Lipid Profile In Subjets Diagnosed With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

We aimed at assessing lipid profile and fasting blood sugar level in recently diagnosed subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and tried to find out correlation if any. METHODS: 100 individuals diagnosed with fat...

Download PDF file
  • EP ID EP365966
  • DOI 10.9790/0853-1703023540
  • Views 63
  • Downloads 0

How To Cite

Venkateswarlu Konuru1, T. Rama Mohan Reddy2 (2018). Pharmacoepidemiology of Macrovascular and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS), 17(1), 35-40. https://europub.co.uk/articles/-A-365966