Abstract

Gomphrena serrata (Amaranthaceae) has been utilized for many ailments in the conventional system ethnomedicinally; most significantly against bronchial asthma, diarrhea, hay fever, pains, tonic, carminative, diabetes, dermatitis, and piles. The key challenge experienced in the standardization of herbal drugs is the correct identification of the plant source. Thus, setting up quality control parameters by means of pharmacognostic and phytochemical analysis which assures the purity, safety, and efficiency of G. serrata is necessary. The current research was conducted to assess the pharmacognostic characteristics including macroscopic, microscopic, phytochemical and physicochemical parameters of the root of G. serrata. Micro, as well as macroscopic characteristics were investigated. Physicochemical parameters had been done by implementing WHO suggested parameters; preliminary phytochemical and fluorescent evaluation of root was executed for appropriate identification and standardization. The color, shape, size, odor, and surface characteristics were reported from the root and powdered root material of G. serrata. Light microscope images of cross section and powdered root revealed the presence of lignified xylem fibers, xylem vessels, cork cells and parenchyma cells. Phytochemical testing confirmed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, saponins, tannins, proteins, amino acids, phytosterols and flavonoids. Physicochemical parameters such as moisture content, ash value, extractive value and fluorescent behavior of root powder have also been established. The current research is useful in order to supplement the information with regard to its standardization, identification and in carrying out further investigation in Ayurvedic system of medicine.

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