Phenotypic Characterization of Toxigenic Fungi, Evaluation and Effect of Post Treatment on Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin A Content in Smoked Fish and Smoked Bush Meat
Journal Title: Microbiology Research Journal International - Year 2016, Vol 13, Issue 5
Abstract
Smoked fish and smoked bush meat constitute a major food for humans and are sometimes consumed without further processing leading to contamination with toxins such as aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in which consumption may have serious impact on public health. This study is aimed at detecting the incidence of aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in smoked fish and smoked bush meat samples in Lokoja, Kogi state. A total of thirty-six (36) samples of smoked fish and smoked bush meat were examined; Eight (8) of which belonged to different species of smoked fish (catfish and tilapia fish) and four (4) different species of smoked bush meat samples purchased in triplicates from Old market, Lokoja. All the fish samples contained ochratoxin A with a content of between 2.3-11 µg/kg while the smoked bush meat samples had ochratoxin A content of 3.8-11.5 µg/kg. Aflatoxin content in the fish samples ranged between 4.8-12.5 µg/kg while in smoked bush meat it had 4.5-13.8 µg/kg. Aspergillus flavus, Penicillium sp., Mucor sp. and Aspergillus niger were the fungi isolated from the samples. Aspergillus niger, Penicillium sp. and Aspergillus flavus produced ochratoxin A while only Aspergillus flavus produced aflatoxin. The smoked fish and smoked bush meat samples were subjected to heat and brine treatments to determine their ability to reduce the concentration of the toxins. After heat treatment of the samples, aflatoxin concentration ranged between 0.019-0.067 µg/kg and for ochratoxin A, the range was between 0.011-0.06 µg/kg. Aflatoxin concentration ranged between 0.017-0.065 µg/kg and ochratoxin A concentration ranged between 0.057 - 0.108 µg/kg after brine treatment and this indicated that both treatments drastically reduced the aflatoxin and ochratoxin A content of the samples though heat treatment was more effective. It is therefore recommended that consumption of smoked fish and smoked bush meat as ready-to-eat without undergoing post treatment be discouraged so as to decrease the likelihood of the occurrence of food intoxication. Also the use of high temperatures of about 80°C or soaking in brine solution (7.5%) should be encouraged for post treatment of these foods before consumption.
Authors and Affiliations
Fowoyo Patience Temitope, Bodunde Rachael Oluwaseun
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP350847
- DOI 10.9734/BMRJ/2016/24036
- Views 86
- Downloads 0
Profiling Rhizosphere Microbes on the Root of Maize (Zea mays) Planted in an Alfisol for Selection as Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
Maize (Zea mays L. Merill) root rhizosphere, being a metabolite-enriched niche was profiled with the objective of isolating Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) for bio-fertilizer production. Isolation was carried...
The Characterization of Bacterial Cellulose Produced by Acetobacter xylinum and Komgataeibacter saccharovorans under Optimized Fermentation Conditions
Aims: Studying the biological activities of A. xylinum ATCC 10245 (as reference strain) and K. saccharivorans PE5 for bacterial cellulose production (B.C) under optimized fermentation conditions and the structu...
Decolourization of Vat Dyes by Bacterial Isolates Recovered from Local Textile Mills in Southwest, Nigeria
Aims: Waste water emanated from the use of synthetic dyes obtained from different textile and other dyestuff industries require treatment before they are discharge into the environment to prevent groundwater contaminatio...
Evaluation of Soluble Inducible T cell Co stimulator (sICOS) as a Prognostic Biomarker for Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus
Aim of the Work: This study aimed to investigate the serum level of sICOS molecule in chronic Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) patients and its association with pathological injury and HCV viral load in chronic hepatitis C patien...
Influence of Physicochemical Parameters on Mosquito Larvicidal Potency of Bacillus subtilis Isolated from Musca domestica (Linn) Cadavers in Nigeria
Aims: Biological control method is one of the methods used in controlling the menace of insect pest because it posed no threat to the human health and less damage to the environment. This study therefore assessed the eff...