Phenotyping and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases among Clinical Isolates of Gram-Negative Bacilli in Arar Tertiary Care Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Journal Title: Journal of Communicable Diseases - Year 2018, Vol 50, Issue 1
Abstract
Objectives: The emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli isolates in critically ill patients is posing a serious threat. Lack of data on the prevalence of drugresistant Gram-negative bacilli with respect to enzymes responsible for drug resistance in the tertiary care hospital at Arar necessitated this study. Methods: All the Gram-negative bacilli isolated from clinical specimens were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. Drug-resistant organisms were screened for the presence of ESBLs, and confirmed by phenotypic methods. Molecular characterizations of these organisms were performed by conventional PCR to identify the ESBLs genes. Results: A total of 3711 specimens were processed over a period of one year and 428 Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) were isolated. Out of 428 GNB, 91 (21.2%) were ESBL producers which include Escherichia coli (46), Klebsiella pneumoniae (33), Proteus mirabilis (11), and Klebsiella oxytoca(1). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for ceftazidime and ceftazidime plus clavulanic acid for all the ESBL (91) isolates were >16 μg/mL and <0.25 μg/mL whereas for cefotaxime and cefotaxime plus clavulanic acid the MIC was >32 μg/mL and <0.25 to 0.5 μg/mL respectively. CTX gene 44(48.3%), was predominant among all ESBL producers; next to it was SHV 15(16.5%) and TEM 2(2.2%), and 30(32.9%) isolates had all the three genes (CTX, SHV, and TEM). Conclusion: The findings in our study revealed the higher prevalence of ESBL in the community. Surveillance of antibiotic resistance with respect to ESBLs will provide a platform for framing antibiotic policy.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Jayakumar Subramaniam,
Knowledge, Awareness and Practices of Incident Cases of Dengue in Chandigarh
Introduction: Dengue is an endemic disease in India. Epidemics occur every year with incidence rising every year. Since 2010, Chandigarh has seen Dengue epidemics every year but the toll of reported confirmed cases has b...
Prevalence of Ixodid Ticks in Some States of the Country and its Public Health Importance
Ticks are the obligate haematophagus ectoparasites of animals and also associated with human affliction since time immemorial. They are playing the role as reservoirs and vectors of many zoonotic pathogens, responsible f...
Serum Sickness in Patients Receiving Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin
Background: Equine Rabies Immunoglobulin (ERIG) is being used for treatment of category-III animal bite cases. ERIG is economical as compared to Human Rabies Immunoglobulin (HRIG) and hence more affordable to patients in...
Indigenous Plants and their Larvicidal Potential against Indian Mosquito Vectors: A Review
All over the world, millions of people are suffering from mosquito borne diseases spreading by bacteria, viruses or parasites and transmitted by mosquitoes to humans. It is estimated that about billions of currencies are...
Post Flood Dengue Vector Surveillance-An Experience from Ernakulum District of Kerala, India in 2018
Introduction: Floods increase the transmission of water and vector borne diseases. In August 2018, severe floods affected the south Indian state Kerala. Present study was conducted in Ernakulam district of Kerala. Object...