Photogrammetric Correlation of Face with Frontal Radiographs and Direct Measurements
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2017, Vol 11, Issue 5
Abstract
Introduction: Photogrammetry is a science of making measurements from photographs. As cephalometric analysis till date has focused mainly on skeletal relationships, photogrammetry may provide a means to reliably assess and compare soft tissue and hard tissue measurements. Aim: To compare and correlate linear measurements taken directly from subject’s faces and from standardized frontal cephalometric radiographs and to correlate them with standardized frontal facial photographs of Indian population and to obtain mean values. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 subjects of Indian origin. Frontal cephalograms and standardized frontal photographs were obtained from subjects in the age group of 18- 25 years. Vernier calipers were used to obtain facial measurements directly. Photographs and radiographs were uploaded and measured using Nemoceph software. Analogous cephalometric, photographic and direct measurements were compared by one-way ANOVA to assess Pearson correlation coefficients for 12 linear measurements (6 vertical, 6 horizontal). Bonferroni post-hoc test was done for pair wise comparison. Results: Among all measurements used, OR-OL (orbitale rightorbitale left) showed a high correlation r = 0.76, 0.70, 0.71. There was moderate correlation with EnR-EnL (endocanthion rt – endocanthion lt) r= 0.62, 0.68, 0.68. Highly significant correlation was evident with N-Sn, EnR-EnL and AgR-AgL with p<0.001. Conclusion: A statistically significant correlation was found between photographic, radiographic and direct measurements. Therefore, photogrammetry has proven to be an alternative diagnostic tool that can be used in epidemiologic studies when there is a need for a simple, basic, non-invasive and costeffective method.
Authors and Affiliations
Gunjan Negi, Swaroopa Ponnada, N. K. S. Aravind, Prasad Chitra
Anatomical Study of Left Coronary Artery and its Variations–Cadaveric Study
ABSTRACT Introduction: Variations of the anatomy of the Coronary arteries are quiet common and have been reported previously in the literature. Right and Left coronary arteries which supply blood to the heart originates...
Abdominal Emergency Surgery in the Elderly: How to Predict Mortality?
ABSTRACT Introduction: Elderly patients are exposed to high mortality rate in emergency surgery. Aim: The aim of the present study was to identify the factors which predict mortality among elderly patients ≥70 years, ope...
Leukemoid Reaction in Complicated Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome
Hantaan Virus (HTNV) infections are mostly associated with fever, haemorrhagic and renal manifestations, known as Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS). We herein describe three cases with acute HTNV infection, c...
Primary Management and Outcome – Open Laryngotracheal Trauma
Acute external injury to the larynx is both life threatening and a potential long term management challenge. As Otorhinolaryngologist we must be prepared and well versed to manage these patients. In our study seven patie...
Attenuation of Haemodynamic Parameters in Response to Pneumoperitoneum during Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Infusions of Propofol and Dexmedetomidine
Introduction: Effective control of sympathetic response to pneumoperitoneum is vital to avoid morbidity in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgeries. This control must be achieved without any side effects of the drugs b...